Extended Reality, Virtual Reality and Virtual Worlds

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Articles published in 2026 in this theme: 160 (scroll down to load remaining articles)

2026

Surgeon uses VR headset and controllers for virtual bladder surgery simulation

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Immersive 3D vs Physical Simulation in Training Novices for Laser-Based Endourological Procedures: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Joséphine-Charlotte Coleman, Matthias J Witti, Natalia Wirtz, Maximilian Aumiller, Adrian Rühm, Ronald Sroka, Tamira Büttner, Benedikt Duckworth-Mothes, Matthias Stadler

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Oct 06); 15:e94628

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Woman wearing a VR headset sits at a desk, reaching forward.

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Influence of Immersion Level and Game Type on Virtual Reality Interventions for Upper Limb Function After Stroke: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dayenne Jeneffer Souza da Silva, Vitor Leandro da Cunha, Luanna Barbara de Araújo Farias, Lara Cecília de Araújo Carlos, Candice Simões Pimenta de Medeiros, Edgar Ramos Vieira, Fabrícia Azevedo da Costa Cavalcanti

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Oct 06); 15:e95135

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Virtual reality simulation of hands washing in a sink with timer Q1:25.7

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Effectiveness of Immersive and Embodied Enhancement via “Virtual Reality” on the Sustainability of Hand Hygiene Compliance:Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of a School-Based Training Program

Siu-lun Chow, King-wa Fu, Isaac Chun-Hai Fung, Patrick Ip, Mike Yat-wah Kwan, Hai Liang, Frank Reichert, Zion Tsz Ho Tse

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Oct 06); 15:e107264

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Woman wearing VR headset experiences underwater scene during ultrasound scan

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Effects of Virtual Reality on Pain, Anxiety, and Fear During Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy: Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial

Emine Karadeniz, Hamdiye Arda, Esma Gülsun Arslan Cellat

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Oct 06); 28:e103829

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Dentist training with VR dental simulation equipment

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Virtual Reality–Based Mirror Guidance for Indirect Vision Training in Minimally Invasive Endodontic Access Cavity Preparation Among Dental Students: Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial

Unthitar Suranin, Metasit Getrak, Siriwan Suebnukarn, Peter Haddawy, Myat Su Yin, Rene Weller, Panuroot Aguilar, Kamon Budsaba, Andre Mühlenbrock, Gabriel Zachmann

JMIR Serious Games 2026 (Oct 01); 14:e100884

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Dentist in VR headset practices endodontics on a digital jaw model.

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Effects of Generative AI–Supported Virtual Reality Dental Skill Training on Learning Performance, Visual Behavior, and Cortical Activation Among Dental Students: Stratified Randomized Controlled Trial

Yuting Wen, Chang Wen, Siyu Huang, Yufei Chong, Dong Yang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Oct 01); 28:e90938

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Man in VR headset on stationary bike in Paris, cycling through colorful digital world

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Rethinking the Prevention of Cognitive Decline in Healthy Older Adults: The Motor-Cognitive Active Gamified Immersive Cultural (MAGIC) Exergames

Jean-Jacques Temprado

JMIR Aging 2026 (Sep 30); 9:e100013

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Medical team uses VR to examine a 3D model of a brain tumor.

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From Prototype to Practice: Mixed Methods Study of Human-Centered Design and Usability Evaluation of Augmented Reality for Complex Oncology Surgical Workflows

Maria Matsangidou, Mikolaj R Kowal, Jakob Yianni, Maria Krini, Samir Pathak, Katie Gordon, Malcolm A Luker, Deborah D Stocken, David Jayne, Constantinos S Pattichis

JMIR Hum Factors 2026 (Sep 30); 13:e86725

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Two men collaborating on a laptop, one looking over the other's shoulder

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Social Role–Based Training Using a Computer Graphics Avatar in a Real-World Commercial Setting for Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Quasi-Experimental Study

Hirokazu Kumazaki, Hiroko Kamide, Takahiro Miyashita, Hidenobu Sumioka, Yuichiro Yoshikawa, Hiroshi Ishiguro

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 30); 28:e93549

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Close-up of a human eye with futuristic digital interface overlay

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Eye Tracking–Based Evaluation of Auditory Spatial Attention in a Virtual Auditory Environment: Protocol for Development of a New Approach and Preliminary Validation

Clémence Lelaumier, Franck Doidy, Baptiste Fruleux, Antoine Petroff, Valentin Bauer, Hervé Platel

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Sep 29); 15:e88231

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Healthcare professionals discussing VR in a modern office setting.

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Health Care Workers’ Perspectives on Virtual Reality in Mental Health: Qualitative Interview Study

Anna Szczegielniak, Jakub Możaryn, Łukasz Kunert, Szymon Florek, Robert Pudlo

JMIR Hum Factors 2026 (Sep 29); 13:e80851

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MedisimVR virtual reality simulation lab with VR headsets

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Refining the Immersive Technology Evaluation Measure for Virtual Reality Clinical Skills Among Native Arabic-Speaking Medical Students: Qualitative Study

Afaf Sulaiman Alblooshi, Falah Mohammed Almarzooqi, Taleb M Almansoori, Anmol Punn, Marwa Gaffar Alameen, Alexander Kieu, Faten Abdullah AlRadini

JMIR Med Educ 2026 (Sep 28); 12:e95904

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Woman wearing a VR headset and holding a controller

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Effectiveness of Scenario-Driven Virtual Reality for Improving Nursing Students’ Behavioral Responses Toward Older Adults With Dementia: Protocol for a 4-Arm Postintervention Study

Dianis Wulan Sari, Hadziq Fabroyir, Neisya Pratiwindya Sudarsiwi, Manami Takaoka, Nurul Hidayati, Etty Rekawati, Muhammad Rafi Insan Fillah, Widian Sasi Disertasiani, Nauvila Fitrotul 'Aini, Nur Arifah Astri, Gerry Sihaj, Harits Ar Rosyid, Andika Bagus Nur Rahma Putra, Ayumi Igarashi

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Sep 22); 15:e95684

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Medical students practice lumbar puncture on a spine model with AR guidance.

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User Experience Comparison of a Traditional Mannequin-Based and an Augmented Reality Lumbar Puncture Simulator in Geriatric Medicine Training: Questionnaire Study

Emma Combret, Alexis Bourgeais, Frédéric Noublanche, Cédric Annweiler

JMIR XR Spatial Comput 2026 (Sep 21); 3:e98090

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ForeVR headset accessory with "Fore VR" text and indicator lights

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Feasibility and Acceptability of Perioperative Application of Biofeedback-Based Virtual Reality vs Control for Pain and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents Undergoing Surgery: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Anna M Lin, Brenna Rachwal, Lindsey Asti, Zandantsetseg Orgil, Isabela Santiago, Lili Ding, Susmita Kashikar-Zuck, Christopher D King, Sara E Williams, William R Black, Peter C Minneci, Vanessa A Olbrecht

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 16); 28:e94604

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Woman wearing VR headset outdoors, reaching with hands

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Bringing the Green Environment From Outdoors to Indoors Through Virtual Reality for Psychological Well-Being: Quasi-Experimental Study

Dorothy Bai, Jou-Ting Lin, Hao-Yun Huang, Hsin-Yen Yen

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 16); 28:e93494

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Man wearing VR headset, woman gesturing, experiencing virtual reality

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Virtual Reality–Assisted Therapy Compared to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Patients With Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: Assessor-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Mélissa Beaudoin, Stéphane Potvin, Sabrina Giguère, Charles-Édouard Giguère, Frederick Aardema, Amal Abdel-Baki, Luigi De Benedictis, Olivier Lipp, Pierre Lalonde, Emmanuel Stip, Alexandra Fortier, Kingsada Phraxayavong, Alexandre Dumais

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Sep 16); 13:e106791

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Elderly man wearing VR headset and controllers, playing a virtual reality game.

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Dynamic Adoption of Immersive Tai Chi Training Among Older Adults: Exploratory Qualitative-Dominant Longitudinal Mixed Methods Follow-Up Study of Virtual and Mixed Reality Delivery

Xiacheng Song, Huafeng Qu, Jing Jin, Lu Sun, Xiqiong Yi, Junfeng Zhu, Huirong Huang

JMIR Serious Games 2026 (Sep 15); 14:e96262

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Scientist in gloves typing on laptop next to microscope in lab

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Supporting the Learning of Visual Perception Skills in Cytology Through a Computational Tool: Development and Evaluation Study

Breno Nunes de Sena Keller, Mariana T Rezende, Renata RR Oliveira, Cristina RP Costa, Claudia M Carneiro, Andrea G Campos

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Sep 10); 10:e79508

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Woman on laptop video call with friend, online communication

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Virtual Care Expansion and Physician Follow-Up Among Youth With First Mental Health Contact Through a Hospital: Population-Based Repeated Cross-Sectional Study

Erica Wennberg, Emily Hamovitch, Aditi Patrikar, Peter C Austin, Paul Kurdyak, Katherine E Nelson, Amreen Babujee, Astrid Guttmann

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Sep 09); 13:e94389

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