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This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

Chatbots and Conversational Agents (1159) Neurology and Neurosciences (382) Machine Learning (3127) Artificial Intelligence (4696) Neurosurgery (21) Generative Language Models Including ChatGPT (1491) AI in Neurotechnology (23)

Published on in Vol 27 (2025)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/74299, first published .
Doctor in white coat using laptop in front of brain scan display

Development and Validation of a Large Language Model–Powered Chatbot for Neurosurgery: Mixed Methods Study on Enhancing Perioperative Patient Education

Development and Validation of a Large Language Model–Powered Chatbot for Neurosurgery: Mixed Methods Study on Enhancing Perioperative Patient Education

Authors of this article:

Chung Man Ho1 Author Orcid Image ;   Shaowei Guan2 Author Orcid Image ;   Prudence Kwan-Lam Mok3 Author Orcid Image ;   Candice HW Lam4 Author Orcid Image ;   Wai Ying Ho1 Author Orcid Image ;   Calvin Hoi-Kwan Mak1 Author Orcid Image ;   Harry Qin5 Author Orcid Image ;   Arkers Kwan Ching Wong6 Author Orcid Image ;   Vivian Hui5, 7 Author Orcid Image
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Journals

  1. Moureau M, Davis B, Hong C. Development and Evaluation of an Augmented Artificial Intelligence Model for Urogynecology Queries. International Urogynecology Journal 2026;37(5):1423 View
  2. Ruppert-Gomez M, Choi J, Staffa S, Holste K, Xu J, Stratton C, Kocher S, Smith E, See A. Patient perspective on large-language model responses to questions about Moyamoya. Acta Neurochirurgica 2026;168(1) View
  3. Liu B, Jin Z, Zhang Z, Wang H, Wang H, Zhang H, Li C, Qi F, Guo Y. Immersive, Interactive, Intelligent Patient Educational System for Venous Thromboembolism (ChatVTE): Development and Validation Study. JMIR AI 2026;5:e82775 View
  4. Kinachtchouk N, Canes D. Artificial Intelligence in Urologic Documentation: A Review of Emerging Capabilities and the Ongoing Need for Human Oversight. Current Urology Reports 2026;27(1) View
  5. PATEL J, TIRMIZI Z, WAHEED A, AYDIN S, GAJJAR A, MUHAMMAD N, LEGARRETA A, ZEESHAN Q, HAMILTON D, AGARWAL N, DENG H. Large language models in artificial intelligence to answer patient questions in spine surgery: an evaluation of current evidence. Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences 2026;70(3) View
  6. Wang X, Li L, Cai X, Luo W, Shen M, Zuo Y, Zhang J, Bai Z, Yao Y, Zhang M, Zhang Y. Preparedness for generative AI adoption among Chinese cancer survivors: a multi-center cross-sectional survey study. Frontiers in Public Health 2026;14 View
  7. Tian D, Xie Z, Hu Z, Yang Z, Tian H, Chen Y, Zhao H, Du S, Wang F, Zhang L, Xu Y, Lu X. Global trends and emerging frontiers of large language models in cancer research. DIGITAL HEALTH 2026;12 View
  8. Liu Z, Li Y, Wang J, Liu Q, Chen F, Zhu L, Ren Y, Xing L, Wang X. Integrating AI-Powered Chatbots Into Patient Education From the Perspectives of Patients, Caregivers, and Nurses: A Qualitative Study (Preprint). Journal of Medical Internet Research 2025 View
  9. Kochuiev E, Kaliuzhka V, Markevych M, Kochuieva Z, Piatykop V. An agentic AI framework for integrated decision support and surgical planning in intracerebral hemorrhage. Acta Neurochirurgica 2026;168(1) View
  10. Zhao Y, Miao Y, Guo R, Luo Y, Wang H, Wu Y. Evaluation Methods for Inference-Time Retrieval-Augmented and Graph Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models in Health Care: Scoping Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2026;28:e90046 View