Chatbots and Conversational Agents

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Articles published in this theme: 908 (scroll down to load remaining articles)

2026

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Suicide-Related Responses From AI Chatbots Through Application Programming Interfaces and Consumer-Facing Apps: Observational Cross-Sectional Comparative Study

Jonathan Cantor, Adrian Salas, Li Ang Zhang, Ellice Huang, Fang Zhang, Alyssa Burnett, Andrew Lohn, Pat Pataranutaporn, Benjamin Rader, Hao Yu, Ryan K McBain

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Oct 09); 28:e97968

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Efficiency vs Depth in AI-Generated and Human-Synthesized Thematic Analyses of Ugandan Women’s Experiences of Obstetric Fistula: Comparative Qualitative Study

Madeline Pechilis, Monica Getahun, Hadija Nalubwama, Patrick Eyul, Florence Ebem, Alison M El Ayadi

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Oct 09); 28:e94809

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Woebot for Postpartum Mood and Anxiety: Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Efficacy of a Mobile Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention

Toluwalase Ajayi, Jacqueline Kueper, Jill Waalen, Lauren Ariniello, Edward Ramos, Giulia Milan, Katie Baca-Motes, Andre Williams, Lauren Bullard, Athena Robinson

JMIR Pediatr Parent 2026 (Oct 09); 9:e74083

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Elderly woman looking at a smartphone displaying the R-SPEAK app with a "Start" button.

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R-SPEAK, an AI-Based Smartphone App to Enhance Communication in People With Expressive Aphasia: Qualitative Acceptability and Usability Study

Abdel-Karim Al-Tamimi, Jacob Andrews, Jacqueline Benfield, Cath Sweby, Chris Gilmartin, Rebecca Lindley, Diane Trusson, Molly Dziunka, Dee Webster, Kathryn Radford

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Oct 08); 28:e93518

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Large Language Model Chatbot Responses to Cancer Survivorship Questions in Hong Kong: Bilingual Evaluation and Prompt Optimization Study

Haoyu An, Wanshu Huang, Rachel Tsoi Man Cheung, Qijun Du, Rong Na, David Ka Ki Wong

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Oct 08); 28:e105778

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Comparison of Two AI Chatbots for Diagnosis and Providing Treatment Suggestions in Retinopathy of Prematurity: Retrospective Study

Shaojuan Peng, Xinyu Zhao, Zhenquan Wu, Duo Yuan, Na Duan, Kaixuan Cui, Zhen Yu, Weihua Yang, Wenbin Wei, Wei Chi, Guoming Zhang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Oct 07); 28:e86726

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Codevelopment, Implementation, and Evaluation of an AI-powered Conversational Interface for Tobacco Cessation: Protocol for a Single-Group Pre-Post Study

Monika Arora, Rajmohan Panda, Shalini Bassi, Kshitij Jadhav, Prabhat Chand, Monirujjaman Biswas, Mohai Menul Biswas, Tina Rawal, Navpreet Kaur, Sharmila Pimple, Srabana Misra Bhagabaty

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Oct 07); 15:e82264

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Woman using smartphone with virtual chat interface and health icons

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Effectiveness of Chatbots in Mental Health Screening and Assessment: Systematic Review

Isabel Morales Gil, Inés Marti-Estevez, Sandra Doval, José Miguel Gutiérrez-Carrillo, Rocío Fausor, Silvia Arribas-García, Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Mon, Javier Quintero

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Oct 06); 13:e93672

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Development and Preliminary Evaluation of a Conversational Agent Delivering Problem-Solving Therapy for Family Caregivers of Children With a Chronic Health Condition: Multiphase Mixed Methods Study

Weichao Yuwen, Liying Wang, Serena Jinchen Xie, Myra Divina, Xuehong Fan, William Kearns, Teresa M Ward

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Oct 06); 28:e94175

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Biomedical Research Images Manipulated by Generative AI to Alter Scientific Outcomes: Diagnostic Study of Human and Automated Detection

Shuhang Luo, Runhua Tang, Ziyin Chen, Jianye Wang, Ming Liu, Jianfeng Wang, Li Ma

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Oct 02); 28:e100710

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A Conversational Agent for Providing Personalized Preexposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Support: Protocol for Chatbot Implementation and Evaluation

Fatima Sayed, Albert Park, Patrick Sean Sullivan, Yaorong Ge

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Oct 01); 15:e79966

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Doctor and patient discussing medical information on a smartphone during a consultation.

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Conversational AI in Hereditary Cancer Care: Sociotechnical Study of Responsible Design Requirements

Dominic Lammert, Jacqueline Lammert, Justin Hofenbitzer, Tristan Radtke, Yingping Sun, Martin Haimerl, Stefanie Betz, Doran Holger Scholl, Jürgen Pfeffer

JMIR Hum Factors 2026 (Sep 30); 13:e97869

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Automated Health Care Thematic Analysis Using a Multiagent Large Language Model: Algorithm Development and Evaluation Study

Qidi Xu, Nuzha Amjad, Grace Giles, Alexa Cumming, De'angelo Hermesky, Alexander Wen, Min Ji Kwak, Yejin Kim

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 30); 28:e90872

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Bilingual Performance of Large Language Models in Answering Consumer Health Questions in English and Chinese: Comparative Benchmark Study

Ziyan Wu, Honglin Xu, Futai Feng, Shulan Zhang, Rongrong Cheng, Tianqi Shi, Siyu Wang, Yongzhe Li

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 29); 28:e96587

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Conversational Agents for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Management: Scoping Review

Nurfaizah Binte Hassan, Tiang Peng Teo, Mei Fong Liew, Wee Hian Tan, Wenjie Wu, Timotius Marvin Tan, Siti Aisah Binte Mustafah, Deborah Wan Qin Poh, Hong-Gu He, Joanne Huiyi Khor, Genevieve Mei Yun Tan, Si Qi Yoong, Ying Jiang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 29); 28:e98338

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Two women in a living room discussing mental health therapy.

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Possible Role and Function of AI Conversational Agents in Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: Qualitative Interview Study

Niklas Liljedahl, Lilas Ali, Sophie I Liljedahl, Örjan Falk, Steinn Steingrimsson

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Sep 25); 13:e98840

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Evidence and Future Directions for Pediatric Health Care Chatbots: Systematic Review

Seongwoo Yang, Ju Hyun Jin, Min Jung Kim, Seng Chan You, Kyung Won Kim

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 25); 28:e98432

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Generative AI Engagement and Perceived Nutrition-Oriented Feeding Practices Among Urban Indonesian Mothers: Mixed Methods Study

Lia Nur Amalina, Ferdi Antonio, Surya Adiwena, Dewi Wuisan, Roy Glenn Massie

JMIR Pediatr Parent 2026 (Sep 21); 9:e100061

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Efficacy of A Virtual Agent–Based Digital Intervention (Echo App V2.0) for Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial

Shuo Li, Dapeng Zhang, Weicong Sang, Ruihua Li, Wei Yuan, Jingyang Liu, Huixue Li, Meimei Liu, Yunchun Zhang, Bingqian Zhang, Qianying Wu, Chuanning Huang, Haidi Shan, Jiang Du, Haifeng Jiang, Na Zhong, Tianzhen Chen, Min Zhao

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 17); 28:e91065

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The AWARE (AI Use, Why, Attachment, Reality and Risk, and Effect on Functioning) Framework for Assessing Patients’ Use of AI in Mental Health Care

Alexandre Hudon, Venkat Bhat, John-Jose Nunez, Vincent Paquin, Amylie Malouin-Lachance, François Lespérance

JMIR Med Educ 2026 (Sep 16); 12:e108766

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