Published on in Vol 21, No 11 (2019): November

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/15360, first published .
The Personalization of Conversational Agents in Health Care: Systematic Review

The Personalization of Conversational Agents in Health Care: Systematic Review

The Personalization of Conversational Agents in Health Care: Systematic Review

Journals

  1. Tudor Car L, Dhinagaran D, Kyaw B, Kowatsch T, Joty S, Theng Y, Atun R. Conversational Agents in Health Care: Scoping Review and Conceptual Analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2020;22(8):e17158 View
  2. Hauser-Ulrich S, Künzli H, Meier-Peterhans D, Kowatsch T. A Smartphone-Based Health Care Chatbot to Promote Self-Management of Chronic Pain (SELMA): Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 2020;8(4):e15806 View
  3. Schachner T, Keller R, v Wangenheim F. Artificial Intelligence-Based Conversational Agents for Chronic Conditions: Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2020;22(9):e20701 View
  4. de Cock C, Milne-Ives M, van Velthoven M, Alturkistani A, Lam C, Meinert E. Effectiveness of Conversational Agents (Virtual Assistants) in Health Care: Protocol for a Systematic Review. JMIR Research Protocols 2020;9(3):e16934 View
  5. Or C, Liu K, So M, Cheung B, Yam L, Tiwari A, Lau Y, Lau T, Hui P, Cheng H, Tan J, Cheung M. Improving Self-Care in Patients With Coexisting Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension by Technological Surrogate Nursing: Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2020;22(3):e16769 View
  6. Chattopadhyay D, Ma T, Sharifi H, Martyn-Nemeth P. Computer-Controlled Virtual Humans in Patient-Facing Systems: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2020;22(7):e18839 View
  7. Korhonen O, Väyrynen K, Krautwald T, Bilby G, Broers H, Giunti G, Isomursu M. Data-Driven Personalization of a Physiotherapy Care Pathway: Case Study of Posture Scanning. JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies 2020;7(2):e18508 View
  8. Spiliotopoulos D, Makri E, Vassilakis C, Margaris D. Multimodal Interaction: Correlates of Learners’ Metacognitive Skill Training Negotiation Experience. Information 2020;11(8):381 View
  9. Issom D, Hardy-Dessources M, Romana M, Hartvigsen G, Lovis C. Toward a Conversational Agent to Support the Self-Management of Adults and Young Adults With Sickle Cell Disease: Usability and Usefulness Study. Frontiers in Digital Health 2021;3 View
  10. Milne-Ives M, de Cock C, Lim E, Shehadeh M, de Pennington N, Mole G, Normando E, Meinert E. The Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence Conversational Agents in Health Care: Systematic Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2020;22(10):e20346 View
  11. Abd-Alrazaq A, Alajlani M, Ali N, Denecke K, Bewick B, Househ M. Perceptions and Opinions of Patients About Mental Health Chatbots: Scoping Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2021;23(1):e17828 View
  12. Schachner T, Gross C, Hasl A, v Wangenheim F, Kowatsch T. Deliberative and Paternalistic Interaction Styles for Conversational Agents in Digital Health: Procedure and Validation Through a Web-Based Experiment. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2021;23(1):e22919 View
  13. Morse K, Ostberg N, Jones V, Chan A. Use Characteristics and Triage Acuity of a Digital Symptom Checker in a Large Integrated Health System: Population-Based Descriptive Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2020;22(11):e20549 View
  14. Griffin A, Xing Z, Mikles S, Bailey S, Khairat S, Arguello J, Wang Y, Chung A. Information needs and perceptions of chatbots for hypertension medication self-management: a mixed methods study. JAMIA Open 2021;4(2) View
  15. Gross C, Schachner T, Hasl A, Kohlbrenner D, Clarenbach C, Wangenheim F, Kowatsch T. Personalization of Conversational Agent-Patient Interaction Styles for Chronic Disease Management: Two Consecutive Cross-sectional Questionnaire Studies. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2021;23(5):e26643 View
  16. Kowatsch T, Schachner T, Harperink S, Barata F, Dittler U, Xiao G, Stanger C, v Wangenheim F, Fleisch E, Oswald H, Möller A. Conversational Agents as Mediating Social Actors in Chronic Disease Management Involving Health Care Professionals, Patients, and Family Members: Multisite Single-Arm Feasibility Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2021;23(2):e25060 View
  17. Mitchell E, Maimone R, Cassells A, Tobin J, Davidson P, Smaldone A, Mamykina L. Automated vs. Human Health Coaching. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 2021;5(CSCW1):1 View
  18. Tong H, Quiroz J, Kocaballi A, Fat S, Dao K, Gehringer H, Chow C, Laranjo L. Personalized mobile technologies for lifestyle behavior change: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Preventive Medicine 2021;148:106532 View
  19. Wang G, Albayrak A, Kortuem G, van der Cammen T. A Digital Platform for Facilitating Personalized Dementia Care in Nursing Homes: Formative Evaluation Study. JMIR Formative Research 2021;5(5):e25705 View
  20. Rampioni M, Moșoi A, Rossi L, Moraru S, Rosenberg D, Stara V. A Qualitative Study toward Technologies for Active and Healthy Aging: A Thematic Analysis of Perspectives among Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary End Users. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021;18(14):7489 View
  21. Luo T, Aguilera A, Lyles C, Figueroa C. Promoting Physical Activity Through Conversational Agents: Mixed Methods Systematic Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2021;23(9):e25486 View
  22. Wang H, Gupta S, Singhal A, Muttreja P, Singh S, Sharma P, Piterova A. An Artificial Intelligence Chatbot for Young People’s Sexual and Reproductive Health in India (SnehAI): Instrumental Case Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2022;24(1):e29969 View
  23. Hutmacher F, Appel M. The Psychology of Personalization in Digital Environments: From Motivation to Well-Being – A Theoretical Integration. Review of General Psychology 2023;27(1):26 View
  24. Taylor J, Subramanian A, Freitas A, Ferreira D, Dickinson C. What do individuals with visual impairment need and want from a dialogue-based digital assistant?. Clinical and Experimental Optometry 2023;106(6):656 View
  25. He Y, Yang L, Zhu X, Wu B, Zhang S, Qian C, Tian T. Mental Health Chatbot for Young Adults With Depressive Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Single-Blind, Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2022;24(11):e40719 View
  26. Denecke K, Abd-Alrazaq A, Househ M, Warren J. Evaluation Metrics for Health Chatbots: A Delphi Study. Methods of Information in Medicine 2021;60(05/06):171 View
  27. Nißen M, Rüegger D, Stieger M, Flückiger C, Allemand M, v Wangenheim F, Kowatsch T. The Effects of Health Care Chatbot Personas With Different Social Roles on the Client-Chatbot Bond and Usage Intentions: Development of a Design Codebook and Web-Based Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2022;24(4):e32630 View
  28. Ma Q, Zhang Y, Xu W, Zhou R. Ask a Further Question or Give a List? How Should Conversational Agents Reply to Users’ Uncertain Queries. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2024;40(5):1087 View
  29. Rodriguez‐Arrastia M, Martinez‐Ortigosa A, Ruiz‐Gonzalez C, Ropero‐Padilla C, Roman P, Sanchez‐Labraca N. Experiences and perceptions of final‐year nursing students of using a chatbot in a simulated emergency situation: A qualitative study. Journal of Nursing Management 2022;30(8):3874 View
  30. Chavez-Yenter D, Kimball K, Kohlmann W, Lorenz Chambers R, Bradshaw R, Espinel W, Flynn M, Gammon A, Goldberg E, Hagerty K, Hess R, Kessler C, Monahan R, Temares D, Tobik K, Mann D, Kawamoto K, Del Fiol G, Buys S, Ginsburg O, Kaphingst K. Patient Interactions With an Automated Conversational Agent Delivering Pretest Genetics Education: Descriptive Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2021;23(11):e29447 View
  31. Shan Y, Ji M, Xie W, Zhang X, Qian X, Li R, Hao T. Use of Health Care Chatbots Among Young People in China During the Omicron Wave of COVID-19: Evaluation of the User Experience of and Satisfaction With the Technology. JMIR Human Factors 2022;9(2):e36831 View
  32. Singh E, Bompelli A, Wan R, Bian J, Pakhomov S, Zhang R. A conversational agent system for dietary supplements use. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making 2022;22(S1) View
  33. Ben-Shabat N, Sharvit G, Meimis B, Ben Joya D, Sloma A, Kiderman D, Shabat A, Tsur A, Watad A, Amital H. Assessing data gathering of chatbot based symptom checkers - a clinical vignettes study. International Journal of Medical Informatics 2022;168:104897 View
  34. Nelekar S, Abdulrahman A, Gupta M, Richards D. Effectiveness of embodied conversational agents for managing academic stress at an Indian University (ARU) during COVID‐19. British Journal of Educational Technology 2022;53(3):491 View
  35. Dhinagaran D, Sathish T, Soong A, Theng Y, Best J, Tudor Car L. Conversational Agent for Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Change: Web-Based Feasibility Study. JMIR Formative Research 2021;5(12):e27956 View
  36. Sasseville M, Barony Sanchez R, Yameogo A, Bergeron-Drolet L, Bergeron F, Gagnon M. Interactive Conversational Agents for Health Promotion, Prevention, and Care: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Systematic Scoping Review. JMIR Research Protocols 2022;11(10):e40265 View
  37. Balaji D, He L, Giani S, Bosse T, Wiers R, de Bruijn G, Hogben M. Effectiveness and acceptability of conversational agents for sexual health promotion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sexual Health 2022;19(5):391 View
  38. Green E, Pradheep S, Heinzelman J, Nyanchoka A, Achieng D, Goyal S, Cusson L, Kurz A, Bellows B. Predicting healthcare-seeking behavior based on stated readiness to act: development and validation of a prediction model. Translational Behavioral Medicine 2022;12(1) View
  39. Figueroa C, Luo T, Jacobo A, Munoz A, Manuel M, Chan D, Canny J, Aguilera A. Conversational Physical Activity Coaches for Spanish and English Speaking Women: A User Design Study. Frontiers in Digital Health 2021;3 View
  40. Santini S, Fabbietti P, Galassi F, Merizzi A, Kropf J, Hungerländer N, Stara V. The Impact of Digital Coaching Intervention for Improving Healthy Ageing Dimensions among Older Adults during Their Transition from Work to Retirement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2023;20(5):4034 View
  41. Loveys K, Antoni M, Donkin L, Sagar M, Broadbent E. Comparing the Feasibility and Acceptability of a Virtual Human, Teletherapy, and an e-Manual in Delivering a Stress Management Intervention to Distressed Adult Women: Pilot Study. JMIR Formative Research 2023;7:e42390 View
  42. Santini S, Stara V, Galassi F, Merizzi A, Schneider C, Schwammer S, Stolte E, Kropf J. User Requirements Analysis of an Embodied Conversational Agent for Coaching Older Adults to Choose Active and Healthy Ageing Behaviors during the Transition to Retirement: A Cross-National User Centered Design Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021;18(18):9681 View
  43. Irfan B, Hellou M, Belpaeme T. Coffee With a Hint of Data: Towards Using Data-Driven Approaches in Personalised Long-Term Interactions. Frontiers in Robotics and AI 2021;8 View
  44. Ahmad R, Siemon D, Gnewuch U, Robra-Bissantz S. Designing Personality-Adaptive Conversational Agents for Mental Health Care. Information Systems Frontiers 2022;24(3):923 View
  45. Martinengo L, Lum E, Car J. Evaluation of chatbot-delivered interventions for self-management of depression: Content analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders 2022;319:598 View
  46. Loveys K, Sagar M, Pickering I, Broadbent E. A Digital Human for Delivering a Remote Loneliness and Stress Intervention to At-Risk Younger and Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Randomized Pilot Trial. JMIR Mental Health 2021;8(11):e31586 View
  47. Mah K, Loke L, Hespanhol L. Towards a Contemplative Research Framework for Training Self-Observation in HCI: A Study of Compassion Cultivation. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 2021;28(6):1 View
  48. Maharjan R, Doherty K, Rohani D, Bækgaard P, Bardram J. What's Up With These Conversational Health Agents? From Users' Critiques to Implications for Design. Frontiers in Digital Health 2022;4 View
  49. To Q, Green C, Vandelanotte C. Feasibility, Usability, and Effectiveness of a Machine Learning–Based Physical Activity Chatbot: Quasi-Experimental Study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 2021;9(11):e28577 View
  50. Zhu Y, Janssen M, Wang R, Liu Y. It Is Me, Chatbot: Working to Address the COVID-19 Outbreak-Related Mental Health Issues in China. User Experience, Satisfaction, and Influencing Factors. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2022;38(12):1182 View
  51. Liu Y, Yan W, Hu B, Li Z, Lai Y. Effects of personalization and source expertise on users’ health beliefs and usage intention toward health chatbots: Evidence from an online experiment. DIGITAL HEALTH 2022;8:205520762211297 View
  52. Yeung A, Kulnik S, Parvanov E, Fassl A, Eibensteiner F, Völkl-Kernstock S, Kletecka-Pulker M, Crutzen R, Gutenberg J, Höppchen I, Niebauer J, Smeddinck J, Willschke H, Atanasov A. Research on Digital Technology Use in Cardiology: Bibliometric Analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2022;24(5):e36086 View
  53. Maharjan R, Doherty K, Rohani D, Bækgaard P, Bardram J. Experiences of a Speech-enabled Conversational Agent for the Self-report of Well-being among People Living with Affective Disorders: An In-the-Wild Study. ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems 2022;12(2):1 View
  54. Maenhout L, Peuters C, Cardon G, Compernolle S, Crombez G, DeSmet A. Participatory Development and Pilot Testing of an Adolescent Health Promotion Chatbot. Frontiers in Public Health 2021;9 View
  55. Berkovsky S, Coiera E. Health personalisation. ACM SIGWEB Newsletter 2021;2021(Summer):1 View
  56. Motger Q, Franch X, Marco J. Software-Based Dialogue Systems: Survey, Taxonomy, and Challenges. ACM Computing Surveys 2023;55(5):1 View
  57. Zhu Y, Wang R, Pu C. “I am chatbot, your virtual mental health adviser.” What drives citizens’ satisfaction and continuance intention toward mental health chatbots during the COVID-19 pandemic? An empirical study in China. DIGITAL HEALTH 2022;8:205520762210900 View
  58. Mckie I, Narayan B, Kocaballi B. Conversational Voice Assistants and a Case Study of Long-Term Users: A Human Information Behaviours Perspective. Journal of the Australian Library and Information Association 2022;71(3):233 View
  59. Guerreiro M, Angelini L, Rafael Henriques H, El Kamali M, Baixinho C, Balsa J, Félix I, Khaled O, Carmo M, Cláudio A, Caon M, Daher K, Alexandre B, Padinha M, Mugellini E. Conversational Agents for Health and Well-being Across the Life Course: Protocol for an Evidence Map. JMIR Research Protocols 2021;10(9):e26680 View
  60. Wei J, Dingler T, Kostakos V. Understanding User Perceptions of Proactive Smart Speakers. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 2021;5(4):1 View
  61. Iovine A, Narducci F, Musto C, de Gemmis M, Semeraro G. Virtual Customer Assistants in finance: From state of the art and practices to design guidelines. Computer Science Review 2023;47:100534 View
  62. Budler L, Gosak L, Stiglic G. Review of artificial intelligence‐based question‐answering systems in healthcare. WIREs Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery 2023;13(2) View
  63. Schillings C, Meissner D, Erb B, Schultchen D, Bendig E, Pollatos O. A chatbot-based intervention with ELME to improve stress and health-related parameters in a stressed sample: Study protocol of a randomised controlled trial. Frontiers in Digital Health 2023;5 View
  64. Dingler T, Kwasnicka D, Wei J, Gong E, Oldenburg B. The Use and Promise of Conversational Agents in Digital Health. Yearbook of Medical Informatics 2021;30(01):191 View
  65. Liu N, Pu Q, Shi Y, Zhang S, Qiu L. Older Adults’ Interaction With Intelligent Virtual Assistants: The Role of Information Modality and Feedback. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2023;39(5):1162 View
  66. Weeks R, Sangha P, Cooper L, Sedoc J, White S, Gretz S, Toledo A, Lahav D, Hartner A, Martin N, Lee J, Slonim N, Bar-Zeev N. Usability and Credibility of a COVID-19 Vaccine Chatbot for Young Adults and Health Workers in the United States: Formative Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Human Factors 2023;10:e40533 View
  67. Reilly E, Kathawalla U, Robins H, Heapy A, Hogan T, Waring M, Quigley K, Drebing C, Bickmore T, Volonte M, Kelly M. An Online Acceptance and Mindfulness Intervention for Chronic Pain in Veterans: Development and Protocol for a Pilot Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Research Protocols 2023;12:e45887 View
  68. He Y, Yang L, Qian C, Li T, Su Z, Zhang Q, Hou X. Conversational Agent Interventions for Mental Health Problems: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2023;25:e43862 View
  69. Weber P, Mahmood F, Ahmadi M, von Jan V, Ludwig T, Wieching R. Fridolin: participatory design and evaluation of a nutrition chatbot for older adults. i-com 2023;22(1):33 View
  70. Jabir A, Martinengo L, Lin X, Torous J, Subramaniam M, Tudor Car L. Evaluating Conversational Agents for Mental Health: Scoping Review of Outcomes and Outcome Measurement Instruments. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2023;25:e44548 View
  71. Ben-Shabat N, Sharvit G, Meimis B, Ben Joya D, Sloma A, Kiderman D, Shabat A, Tsur A, Watad A, Amital H. Assessing Data Gathering Quality of Chatbot Based Symptom Checkers - a Clinical Vignettes Study. SSRN Electronic Journal 2022 View
  72. Sulis E, Mariani S, Montagna S. A survey on agents applications in healthcare: Opportunities, challenges and trends. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 2023;236:107525 View
  73. Han H, Mendu S, Jaworski B, Owen J, Abdullah S. Preliminary Evaluation of a Conversational Agent to Support Self-management of Individuals Living With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Interview Study With Clinical Experts. JMIR Formative Research 2023;7:e45894 View
  74. Noh E, Won J, Jo S, Hahm D, Lee H. Conversational Agents for Body Weight Management: Systematic Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2023;25:e42238 View
  75. Oyesanya T, Ibemere S, Loflin C, McReynolds V, Anaya B, Huang M, Gonzalez-Guarda R, Strauman T, Prvu Bettger J. “If you respect me, you are respecting my culture”: methods and recommendations for personalizing a TBI transitional care intervention. Brain Injury 2023;37(8):746 View
  76. Singh A, Schooley B, Patel N. Effects of User-Reported Risk Factors and Follow-Up Care Activities on Satisfaction With a COVID-19 Chatbot: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 2023;11:e43105 View
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  79. Hopman K, Richards D, Norberg M. A Digital Coach to Promote Emotion Regulation Skills. Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 2023;7(6):57 View
  80. Otero-González I, Pacheco-Lorenzo M, Fernández-Iglesias M, Anido-Rifón L. Conversational agents for depression screening: A systematic review. International Journal of Medical Informatics 2024;181:105272 View
  81. Richards D, Miranda Maciel P, Janssen H. The Co-Design of an Embodied Conversational Agent to Help Stroke Survivors Manage Their Recovery. Robotics 2023;12(5):120 View
  82. Zhang Y, Tan W, Lee E. Consumers' responses to personalized service from medical artificial intelligence and human doctors. Psychology & Marketing 2024;41(1):118 View
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  84. . ChatGPT in pharmacy practice: a cross-sectional exploration of Jordanian pharmacists' perception, practice, and concerns. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice 2023;16(1) View
  85. Kuoppamäki S, Jaberibraheem R, Hellstrand M, McMillan D. Designing Multi-Modal Conversational Agents for the Kitchen with Older Adults: A Participatory Design Study. International Journal of Social Robotics 2023;15(9-10):1507 View
  86. Blümel J, Zaki M, Bohné T. Personal touch in digital customer service: a conceptual framework of relational personalization for conversational AI. Journal of Service Theory and Practice 2024;34(1):33 View
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Books/Policy Documents

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