Chatbots and Conversational Agents

Articles published in this theme: 804 (scroll down to load remaining articles)

2026

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Efficacy, User Engagement, and Acceptability of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Oriented Psychological Chatbots for Adults With Depressive and/or Anxiety Symptoms: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Bingyan Gong, Nisha Yao, Hangxin Xie, Chuncheng Huang, Tomoko Kishimoto, Howard Berenbaum, Wenting Mu

J Med Internet Res 2026 (May 08); 28:e82677

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Automated Approaches of Text Simplification of Patient Education Materials: Scoping Review

Cornelia Krenn, Christine Loder, Natalie Berger, Klaus Jeitler, Thomas Semlitsch, Andrea Siebenhofer, Denise Wilfling

J Med Internet Res 2026 (May 07); 28:e88365

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Empathy in AI for Health and Care Settings—Definition, Expression, and Measurement: Protocol for a Scoping Review

Alastair Howcroft, Steve Benford, Michel Valstar, Holly Blake

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (May 05); 15:e93078

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A Bilingual AI-Based Chatbot for Nutrition Education in a Food Is Medicine Intervention for High-Risk Pregnant Women: Design and Development Study

Lorena Macias-Navarro, Nalini Ranjit, Gregory W Bounds, Brendon A Providence, Yesmeena Shmaitelly, Naomi M Tice, Shreela V Sharma

JMIR Form Res 2026 (May 01); 10:e85292

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Current Landscape of Mental Health Conversational Agents From a Trauma-Informed Care Lens: Scoping Review

Faye Kollig, Kira Voelker, Emily Ryan, Rachel Pfafman, Fayika Farhat Nova

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Apr 30); 13:e77876

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A Fine-Tuned Multimodal AI Chatbot for Dietary Health and Nutrition, Purrfessor: Development and Mixed Methods Evaluation

Linqi Lu, Yifan Deng, Chuan Tian, Sijia Yang, Dhavan V Shah

JMIR AI 2026 (Apr 30); 5:e74111

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A Chatbot to Meet Parents’ Information Needs for Sickle Cell Trait Newborn Screening Results: Multiple Methods Formative Study

Anne C Madeo, Courtney Gauchel, Emerson Borsato, Amy Gaviglio, Kimberly A Kaphingst, Guilherme Del Fiol, Karen Eilbeck

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Apr 30); 28:e86022

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Evaluation of AI Chatbot Responses to a Standardized Patient Query on Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody–Associated Disease: Cross-Sectional Content Analysis

Meryem Tuba Sönmez, Mehmet Fatih Yetkin, Duygu Arslan Mehdiyev, Nazlı Durmaz Çelik, Merve Bahar Ercan, Pınar Öztürk, Yeşim Eylev Akboğa, Emine Rabia Koç, Semra Mungan

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Apr 29); 14:e81720

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Building EVA (Educación, Vinculación, y Autoayuda): Tutorial for the Development of a Digital Mental Health Chatbot for Adolescents Living With HIV

Diego Humberto Vasquez, Neil Rupani, Carmen Contreras, Lenka Kolevic, Molly Forrest Franke, Jerome Timothy Galea

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Apr 28); 28:e75351

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Effectiveness of a Fully Automated Mobile Therapeutic Versus a General Chatbot in Reducing Depression and Anxiety and Improving Well-Being: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial

Barbora Kuta, Lukas Novak, Radka Zidkova, Jana Furstova, Klara Malinakova, Andrea De Winter, Vít Husek

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Apr 22); 13:e82642

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Fact-Checking Large Language Model Responses to a Health Care Prompt: Comparative Study

Padhraig Ryan, Orla Davoren, Glyn Elwyn

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Apr 15); 10:e68223

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User Experience and Early Clinical Outcomes of a Mental Wellness Chatbot for Depression and Anxiety: Pilot Evaluation Mixed Methods Study

Scott Graupensperger, Emily J Ward, Graham Baum, Kate H Bentley, Emily R Dworkin, Millard Brown, Adam Chekroud, Matt Hawrilenko

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Apr 14); 10:e90644

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Real-World Data From a Group Parent Management Training Program Enhanced Using Artificial Intelligence: Qualitative Study

Carlos Felipe Rivera-Cepeda, Blanca S Pineda, Daniella Vaclavik, Daniel M Bagner, Antonio Y Hardan, Andrea Abadi, Karin Mostovoy, Eduardo L Bunge

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Apr 07); 10:e91841

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Performance of DeepSeek V3, DeepSeek R1, ChatGPT 4o, and ChatGPT o1 on the National Health Professional and Technical Qualification Examination (Intermediate Level) in China: Comparative Analysis

Jipeng Xue, Shitong Wang, Jinan Yang, Xiaogang Guo, Jie Shen, Qiwen Wang

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Apr 06); 10:e90673

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It Is the Journey, Not the Destination: Moving From End Points to Trajectories When Assessing Chatbot Mental Health Safety

Hamilton Morrin, Joshua Au Yeung, Zarinah Agnew, Søren Dinesen Østergaard, Thomas A Pollak

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Apr 06); 13:e91454

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Chatbot Usability Scale in Chinese Users: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation Study

Haoming Ma, Runyuan Pei, Sijia Li, Aoqi Wang, Xingyi Tang, Meihua Piao

JMIR Hum Factors 2026 (Apr 06); 13:e84971

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Immersive, Interactive, Intelligent Patient Educational System for Venous Thromboembolism (ChatVTE): Development and Validation Study

Bin bin Liu, Zhi geng Jin, Zhe qi Zhang, Hong Wang, Hao Wang, Hui Zhang, Chang zhen Li, Fei Qi, Yu tao Guo

JMIR AI 2026 (Apr 06); 5:e82775

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AI Chatbots for Mental Health Self-Management: Lived Experience–Centered Qualitative Study

Dong Whi Yoo, Jiayue Melissa Shi, Violeta J Rodriguez, Koustuv Saha

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Apr 02); 13:e78288

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Training an AI Chatbot to Manage Health in Underserved Populations: Methodological Approach

Allison Diane Ihle, Breann Wicks, Vangelis Metsis, Autumn Starfall, Fleur Clapham, Aleksei Gorbachev, Sean Shanley, Christina Strauser, Jacqueline M McGrath

JMIR AI 2026 (Apr 01); 5:e84145

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Mass Media Narratives of Psychiatric Adverse Events Associated With Generative AI Chatbots: Rapid Scoping Review

Van-Han-Alex Chung, Pénélope Bernier, Alexandre Hudon

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Mar 30); 13:e93040

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