Chatbots and Conversational Agents

Years in this theme: All years 2026 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2004

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Articles published in this theme: 882 (scroll down to load remaining articles)

2026

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An Evidence-Based AI Virtual Assistant for Young People With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Co-Design and Prototype Development

Eleanor F Bryant, David Hallett, Emily Nielsen, Tali Evans, Jacqueline Rees-Lee, Nicole Riley, Tamsin Newlove-Delgado, Anna Price

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Sep 10); 10:e85013

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Tool or Companion? Reframing Conversational AI to Prevent Psychological Harm

Asia Maurich Novelli, Sukhwinder Shergill, Andreia Sofia Teixeira

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Sep 10); 13:e99354

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Development and Usability Assessment of a Health Education Conversational Agent for Patients With Gastric Cancer: Action Research Study

YiChen Kang, YaMin Yan, TianXiao Wang, ZhengHong Yu, Yan Hu, ZhiXun Wang, JiYang Zhang, Jos M Latour, YuXia Zhang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 10); 28:e82746

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Student interacts with AR character on campus with modern buildings and lake.

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What Platform Scores Miss: Multidimensional Evaluation of AI Teaching Agents in Medical Education

Hui Zhang, Lihui Qu, Jianmin Zheng, Yi Xiong, Hongbo Bai, Ruiying Ji, Guohui Liu, Wanling Chen, Zirui Cheng, Youbang Chen, Chun-tao Yang

JMIR Med Educ 2026 (Sep 03); 12:e96819

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Man working at desk with computer chat and checklist

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Large Language Model–Based Behavioral Activation Chatbot for Young People With Depression Using Artificial Users and Clinical Experts: Mixed Methods Evaluation

Florian Onur Kuhlmeier, Leon Hanschmann, Melina Rabe, Stefan Lüttke, Eva-Lotta Brakemeier, Alexander Maedche

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Sep 01); 13:e94781

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Exploring Real-World Use of AI Chatbots for Mental Health Support: Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Sylvie Bernaerts, Fien Buelens, Nele A J De Witte, Andreas Balaskas, Toon Colman, Tom Van Daele

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Sep 01); 13:e104316

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Feasibility and Acceptability of an AI-Driven Conversational Platform for Structured Autism History Taking and Referral Support: Mixed Methods Proof-of-Concept Study

Shabnam Sadeghi Esfahlani, Louise Prothero, Chris Jacobs, Jon Turvey, Naboshika Nantheswaran, Naim Abdulmohdi

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Aug 27); 10:e100237

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Sikh man in turban using smartphone near brick wall and stairs

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Perceived Support Is Not Psychological Change: Reframing AI Chatbots in Mental Health Care

Michal Mahat-Shamir, Maya Payes, Maya Kagan

JMIR AI 2026 (Aug 26); 5:e94503

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Woman using tablet showing heart health icons, AI chatbot, and medical data.

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Large Language Models for Patient Education in Cardiovascular Imaging: Prospective Observational Comparative Study

Ahmed Marey, Basudha Pal, Ayşenur Buz Yaşar, Shree Rath, Giulia Francese, Hossam M Ghorab, Julia Niemierko, Muhammad Shah Wali Jamal, Muhammad Umair

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Aug 26); 10:e95883

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Woman using AI clinical decision support on laptop and tablet

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Large Language Models as a New Tool for Therapists in Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Blinded Clinician Rating Pilot Experiment

Thomas Tandrup Lamm, Arthur Bran Herbener, Oliver Rønn Christensen, Malene Flensborg Damholdt, Kaare Bro Wellnitz, Heidi Frølund Pedersen, Lisbeth Frostholm

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Aug 26); 13:e96835

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Personalized Intelligent Chatbot Based on AI-Generated Content Assists Memoir Writing for Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Mixed Methods Study

Yibo Meng, Yuan Que, Zhe Yan, Bingyi Liu, Zixin Wang, Mandi Yang, Huidi Lu

JMIR Hum Factors 2026 (Aug 25); 13:e83428

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Doctor in white coat holding a tablet, digital health technology

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Evaluation of Prompt Design and Internal Reasoning in Chatbot-Based Medical History Taking: Simulation Study

Nattawipa Thawinwisan, Chang Liu, Goshiro Yamamoto, Kazumasa Kishimoto, Yukiko Mori, Tomohiro Kuroda

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Aug 21); 14:e94614

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Generative AI in Youth Mental Health Apps: Rapid Review

Helene Høgsdal, Henriette Kyrrestad, Sabine Kaiser

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Aug 19); 13:e90589

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Acceptability, Usability, and Clinical Appropriateness of an AI-Powered Tool for Linkage to HIV Services After HIV Self-Testing in South Africa: Mixed Methods Evaluation

Nomsa Brightness Mahlalela, Onthatile Maboa, Caroline Govathson, Laura Rossouw, Lawrence Long, Ross Greener, Sarah Morris, Shawna Cooper, Sasha Frade, Sophie Pascoe, Candice Chetty-Makkan

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 17); 28:e88570

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Three young women of diverse ethnicities looking at a smartphone together

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Health Care Professionals’ Perspectives on Conversational Mental Health Chatbots: Protocol for a Systematic Review

Besran Zara Malgir, Yi Jiao (Angelina) Tian, Emma Herger, David Shaw, Bernice Simone Elger, Stephen R Milford

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Aug 14); 15:e92780

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Elderly woman using a smartphone displaying the HeartBot UCSF Women's Health Study app

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Short-Term Efficacy of the Artificial Intelligence HeartBot II in Increasing Awareness and Knowledge of Heart Attack in Women: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial With a Waitlist Control

Yoshimi Fukuoka, Diane Dagyong Kim, Jingwen Zhang, Thomas J Hoffmann, Kenji Sagae

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Aug 12); 15:e103597

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Messaging and Chatbot-Assisted Nursing Consultation (ChatACP) to Empower Family Members of Residents of Nursing Homes on Advance Care Planning: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Pilot Study

Tongyao Wang, Ho Nee Chu, Pui Hing Chau, Xue Zhou, Chia-Chin Lin

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Aug 12); 15:e94883

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Woman with infusion device on arm uses smartphone, discussing cancer treatment.

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Finite State Machine–Guided Retrieval-Augmented Generation Improves Expert-Rated Acceptability of a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Self-Management Chatbot: Single-Center Content Validation Study

Mangyeong Lee, Seung-Beom Cho, Jae-Wook Yu, Junghee Yoon, Jae-Boong Choi, Kyu-Hwan Jung, Juhee Cho

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 11); 28:e92374

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Woman reading table of contents on glowing smartphone screen in dark room.

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Patterns of Engagement With an AI Conversational Agent for Mental Health and Associations With Anxiety and Depression: Cross-Sectional Study

Kelsey McAlister, Courtney Jewell, Jennifer Huberty

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Aug 10); 13:e98690

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Healthcare professional interacting with futuristic medical interface displaying health icons.

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