Chatbots and Conversational Agents

Articles published in this theme: 787 (scroll down to load remaining articles)

2026

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Training an AI Chatbot to Manage Health in Underserved Populations: Methodological Approach

Allison Diane Ihle, Breann Wicks, Vangelis Metsis, Autumn Starfall, Fleur Clapham, Aleksei Gorbachev, Sean Shanley, Christina Strauser, Jacqueline M McGrath

JMIR AI 2026 (Apr 01); 5:e84145

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Mass Media Narratives of Psychiatric Adverse Events Associated With Generative AI Chatbots: Rapid Scoping Review

Van-Han-Alex Chung, Pénélope Bernier, Alexandre Hudon

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Mar 30); 13:e93040

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Quality, Empathy, and Readability of AI Chatbot Responses to the Survivorship Needs of Adolescents and Young Adults With Melanoma: Evaluation Study

Jordan Lily Jafarnia, Priscilla Lynne Haff, Reece Philip Moore, Alyssa Leigh Osheim, Katherine McKenna Riley, Sabrina Zheng, Michael Roth, Madeleine Hines Salge, Kelly Carter Nelson

JMIR Cancer 2026 (Mar 26); 12:e84234

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Understanding User Intent in Code-Mixed Sexual and Reproductive Health Queries in Urban India: Hierarchical Classification Approach Using Large Language Models

Sumon Kanti Dey, Manvi S, Aradhana Thapa, Meet Shah, Zeel Mehta, Shraddha Kale Kapile, Tanvi Divate, Suhani Jalota, Azra Ismail

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Mar 24); 28:e86545

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A Therapeutic Conversational Agent (Solace) for Management of Chronic Pain: Acceptability and Usability Study

P Maxwell Slepian, Stephanie Buryk-Iggers, Anna M Lomanowska, Binh Nguyen, Tahir Janmohamed, Hance Clarke, Joel Katz, Nils G Niederstrasser

JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol 2026 (Mar 20); 13:e87689

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Effectiveness of Al-Assisted Patient Health Education Using Voice Cloning and ChatGPT: Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Yan Sun, Shangqing Xu, Hongying Jin, Xiaoyan Han, Kangqi Jin, Yimei Zhang, Xiaoli Ma, Huaping Wei, Minjie Ma

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Mar 19); 28:e81387

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Perspectives on How Sociology Can Advance Theorizing About Human-Chatbot Interaction and Developing Chatbots for Social Good

Celeste Campos-Castillo, Xuan Kang, Linnea I Laestadius

JMIR AI 2026 (Mar 18); 5:e80250

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Investigating Placebos and Controls Used in Large Language Model–Based Chatbot Intervention Trials: Protocol for a Methodological Review

Leo Druart, Vanda Faria, Marco Annoni, John Torous, Moa Pontén, Charlotte Blease

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Mar 17); 15:e90507

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Disclaimers and Referral Patterns for Medical Advice Across Urgency Levels: Large Language Model Evaluation Study

Florian Reis, Louis Agha-Mir-Salim, Richard Hickstein, Moritz Reis, Sophie K Piper, Felix Balzer, Sebastian Daniel Boie

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Mar 16); 28:e84668

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Authors’ Reply: Toward Retrieval-Grounded Evaluation for Conversational Large Language Model–Based Risk Assessment

Mohammad Amin Roshani, Xiangyu Zhou, Yao Qiang, Srinivasan Suresh, Steve Hicks, Usha Sethuraman, Dongxiao Zhu

JMIR AI 2026 (Mar 12); 5:e91981

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Toward Retrieval-Grounded Evaluation for Conversational Large Language Model–Based Risk Assessment

Yihan Hu

JMIR AI 2026 (Mar 12); 5:e90759

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AI-Enhanced Conversational Agents for Personalized Asthma Support in People With Asthma: Factors for Engagement, Value, and Efficacy in a Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Laura Moradbakhti, Dorian Peters, Jennifer K Quint, Björn Schuller, Darren Cook, Rafael A Calvo

JMIR Hum Factors 2026 (Mar 11); 13:e80979

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GPT-Powered Chatbot-Based Positive Psychology Intervention for Well-Being Among Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Single-Arm Mixed Methods Study

Wen Zhang, Rachel Yim Fong Leung, Ka Ki Mak, Haoyan Ge, Tyrone Tai On Kwok, Ricky Van Yip Tso, Anni Wang, Haixia Ma, Janet YH Wong

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Mar 09); 10:e85060

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Enhancing Detection of Message Intents in a Mobile Health Smoking-Cessation Intervention Using Large Language Model Fine-Tuning, Data Downsampling, and Error Correction: Algorithm Development and Validation

Shagoto Rahman, Cornelia (Connie) Pechmann, Ian G Harris

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Mar 09); 28:e83437

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Comparison of Emotional Content in Text Responses From Physicians and AI Chatbots to Patient Health Queries: Cross-Sectional Study

Daniel T Burns, Channing Bice, Paul E Johnson, Nicholas Chia, Timothy Robinson

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Mar 06); 28:e85516

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Psychosis Risk and Generative Artificial Intelligence Use Frequency, Motivations, and Delusion-Like Experiences: Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Benjamin Buck, Anne Julia Maheux

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Mar 05); 28:e85038

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Performance Evaluation of Large Language Models in Multilingual Medical Multiple-Choice Questions: Mixed Methods Study

Livia Maria Strasser, Wilma Anschuetz, Fabio Dennstädt, Janna Hastings

JMIR Med Educ 2026 (Mar 05); 12:e81399

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Enhancing LGBTQ+ Inclusivity in an AI-Powered Sexual Health Chatbot: User-Centered Design Approach Through a Nonprofit and Academic Partnership

William Wibowo Liem, Elizabeth Casline, Julianna Lorenzo, Jacob D Gordon, Andrés Alvarado Avila, Attia Taylor, Nicole Levitz, Michael C O'Keefe, Kathryn Macapagal

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Feb 19); 28:e78621

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Examining Artificial Intelligence Chatbots’ Responses in Providing Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Information for Young Adults: Qualitative Content Analysis

Alfu Laily, Laura M Schwab-Reese, Megan Davish, Emily Cahue, Kathryn J LaRoche, Natalia M Rodriguez, Robert J Duncan, Randolph D Hubach, Monica L Kasting

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2026 (Feb 18); 12:e79720

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Developing a Service Quality Index System for AI Health Care Chatbots: Mixed Methods Study

Yu Gu, Xinyi Wang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Feb 18); 28:e83051

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