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Chatbots and Conversational Agents (1150) Surgery, Trauma and Surgical Sciences (287) Natural Language Processing (1251) Decision Support for Health Professionals (2170) Artificial Intelligence (4625) Generative Language Models Including ChatGPT (1455)

Published on in Vol 27 (2025)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/75567, first published .
Smartphone displaying OpenAI's ChatGPT introduction next to an AI textbook.

Evaluating the Performance of State-of-the-Art Artificial Intelligence Chatbots Based on the WHO Global Guidelines for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection: Cross-Sectional Study

Evaluating the Performance of State-of-the-Art Artificial Intelligence Chatbots Based on the WHO Global Guidelines for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection: Cross-Sectional Study

Authors of this article:

Tianyi Wang1 Author Orcid Image ;   Ruiyuan Chen1 Author Orcid Image ;   Baodong Wang1 Author Orcid Image ;   Congying Zou1 Author Orcid Image ;   Ning Fan1 Author Orcid Image ;   Shuo Yuan1 Author Orcid Image ;   Aobo Wang1 Author Orcid Image ;   Yu Xi1 Author Orcid Image ;   Lei Zang1 Author Orcid Image
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  2. Raptis S, Theocharopoulos A, Theocharopoulos C, Papadakos S, Levantis G, Kontis E, Vrahatis A. Artificial intelligence analysis of minimally invasive surgery data. Journal of Robotic Surgery 2026;20(1) View
  3. Ture Z, Maraş Baydoğan G, Çetinkaya F, Tarkan M, Eryılmaz Eren E, Ulu Kılıç A. The quality of artificial intelligence Chatbot responses to patient questions on surgical infection prevention. American Journal of Infection Control 2026;54(8):835 View
  4. . ChatGPT vs Claude: Scoping Review with ☸️SAIMSARA. SAIMSARA Journal 2026;1(3) View
  5. Tang Q, Richard S, Peng S, Qiang H, Li J, Wang H. Evaluation of nursing performance during coronary artery bypass grafting surgeries using machine learning analysis of surgical videos: a multicenter retrospective study. Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery 2026;21(1) View
  6. Ma Z, Chen R, Wang A, Xi Y, Liang M, Yuan S, Fan N, Zang J, Wang T, Zang L. Performance of DeepSeek V3.2 and ChatGPT 5.1 in Musculoskeletal Triage and Differential Diagnosis of Outpatients With Low Back Pain: Multidimensional Comparative Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2026;28:e92315 View
  7. Chen R, Pan Y, Liang M, Wang A, Ma Z, Xi Y, Fan N, Yuan S, Du P, Wang T, Zang L. Performance of DeepSeek-R1 and ChatGPT-5 in the Generation of North American Spine Society Clinical Guidelines for Adult Vertebral Compression Fractures: Comparative Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2026;28:e87816 View