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This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

Chatbots and Conversational Agents (786) Surgery, Trauma and Surgical Sciences (217) Decision Support for Health Professionals (1637) Natural Language Processing (954) Artificial Intelligence (2347) Generative Language Models Including ChatGPT (811)

Published on in Vol 27 (2025)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/75567, first published .
Evaluating the Performance of State-of-the-Art Artificial Intelligence Chatbots Based on the WHO Global Guidelines for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection: Cross-Sectional Study

Evaluating the Performance of State-of-the-Art Artificial Intelligence Chatbots Based on the WHO Global Guidelines for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection: Cross-Sectional Study

Evaluating the Performance of State-of-the-Art Artificial Intelligence Chatbots Based on the WHO Global Guidelines for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection: Cross-Sectional Study

Authors of this article:

Tianyi Wang1 Author Orcid Image ;   Ruiyuan Chen1 Author Orcid Image ;   Baodong Wang1 Author Orcid Image ;   Congying Zou1 Author Orcid Image ;   Ning Fan1 Author Orcid Image ;   Shuo Yuan1 Author Orcid Image ;   Aobo Wang1 Author Orcid Image ;   Yu Xi1 Author Orcid Image ;   Lei Zang1 Author Orcid Image
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Journals

  1. Sheikhalishahi S, Haddadi A, Sadeghipour S, Rafiei F, Soltani H. Comparative performance of ChatGPT-4o, ChatGPT-5, and gemini 2.5 flash on Persian internal medicine subspecialty board exams. Scientific Reports 2025;16(1) View
  2. Raptis S, Theocharopoulos A, Theocharopoulos C, Papadakos S, Levantis G, Kontis E, Vrahatis A. Artificial intelligence analysis of minimally invasive surgery data. Journal of Robotic Surgery 2026;20(1) View
  3. Ture Z, Baydoğan G, Çetinkaya F, Tarkan M, Eren E, Kılıç A. The Quality of Artificial Intelligence Chatbot Responses to Patient Questions on Surgical Infection Prevention. American Journal of Infection Control 2026 View