Generative Language Models Including ChatGPT

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Years in this theme: All years 2026 2025 2024 2023

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Articles published in this theme: 1017 (scroll down to load remaining articles)

2026

Doctor in white coat holding a tablet, digital health technology

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Evaluation of Prompt Design and Internal Reasoning in Chatbot-Based Medical History Taking: Simulation Study

Nattawipa Thawinwisan, Chang Liu, Goshiro Yamamoto, Kazumasa Kishimoto, Yukiko Mori, Tomohiro Kuroda

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Aug 21); 14:e94614

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Surgeons in blue scrubs and gloves performing a surgical procedure with instruments.

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Zero-Shot Classification of Postoperative Complications From Real-World Discharge Letters According to the Clavien-Dindo System Using Large Language Models in Liver Surgery: Comparative Study

Sina Warmer, Kamyar Arzideh, Marie Morys, Ahmad Idrissi-Yaghir, Jan Bednarsch, Daniel Heise, Arzu Oezcelik, Marc Reschke, Tom F Ulmer, Ulf P Neumann, Felix Nensa, Katarzyna Borys, René Hosch, Sophia M Schmitz

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 21); 28:e92407

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Medical professionals study human anatomy and biology with futuristic holographic displays.

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Beyond Pattern Recognition: Call for Functionally Aware AI for Anatomical Illustration

Agata Maria Kawalec-Rutkowska, Marian Simka

JMIR Med Educ 2026 (Aug 20); 12:e92700

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Doctor consulting with patient, surrounded by digital representations of diverse individuals, representing healthcare technology.

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Digital Standardized Patients: Conceptual Framework for Generative AI–Empowered Medical Education

Chuanlin Jia, Lulu Qi

JMIR Med Educ 2026 (Aug 20); 12:e91050

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Doctor in lab coat analyzing medical scans on laptop in futuristic medical lab

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Clinical Laboratory Terminology Standardization for Semantic Interoperability Using a Large Language Model–Based Agent: Methodological Study

Lijuan Wu, Jinxin Huang, Hongnian Wang, Liyi Mai, Xueyun Zhan, Xinrong He, Xiaotang Zhang, Huiying Liang, Xin Li, Abdelouahab Bellou

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 20); 28:e92499

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Oncology researchers discuss LLM performance metrics on computer screens.

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Large Language Models for Oncology Guideline Maintenance: Prospective Case Study

Manuel Knauer, Julian Greß, Jakob Nikolas Kather, Peter May

JMIR AI 2026 (Aug 20); 5:e93239

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Woman in office chair with back pain, holding her neck and lower back.

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Discordance Between Textual Reasoning and Visual Interpretation in Large Language Models for Low Back Pain: Cross-Sectional Quantitative Evaluation and Exploratory Multimodal Stress Test

Ziyu Zhang, Longhao Chen, Zhizhen Lv, Hanzhe Lv, Wei Sheng, Zicheng Wei, Binghao Wang, Ying Shen, Yu Tian, Jingwen Hu, Zhifang Shen, Lijiang Lv

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Aug 20); 14:e93522

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Two data scientists analyze neural network code on screens, showing glowing brain and data visualizations.

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The Reliability of Human Evaluation of Large Language Models in Health Care Settings: Scoping Review

Euijun Yang, Siyeon Ko, Hyekyung Woo

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 19); 28:e98184

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Young man with glasses looking at his smartphone

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Generative AI in Youth Mental Health Apps: Rapid Review

Helene Høgsdal, Henriette Kyrrestad, Sabine Kaiser

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Aug 19); 13:e90589

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Two doctors in blue scrubs examining a medical scan

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A Multidisciplinary Team–Based Large Language Model Framework for Predicting Postoperative Neurological Complications in Acute Type A Aortic Dissection: Model Development and Validation Study

Jili Li, Julin Zhang, Xingrui Tao, Yaoye Chen, Siqi Xun, Guangshuo Qin, Kaiyue Diao, Chaoyi Qin

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 18); 28:e91257

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Nurse holding patient's hands for comfort and support during medical care.

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Interpretable Topic Modeling of Spontaneous Speech in Depression Using Large Language Models: Multilingual Four-Cohort Study

Gustave Cortal, Sélim Benjamin Guessoum, Xuan-Nga Cao, Santiago de Leon-Martinez, Enrique Baca-García, Rachid Riad

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Aug 17); 13:e99185

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Woman uses phone to view HIV self-test instructions from Self-Cov by National Department of Health.

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Acceptability, Usability, and Clinical Appropriateness of an AI-Powered Tool for Linkage to HIV Services After HIV Self-Testing in South Africa: Mixed Methods Evaluation

Nomsa Brightness Mahlalela, Onthatile Maboa, Caroline Govathson, Laura Rossouw, Lawrence Long, Ross Greener, Sarah Morris, Shawna Cooper, Sasha Frade, Sophie Pascoe, Candice Chetty-Makkan

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 17); 28:e88570

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Medical supplies: syringe, vial, stethoscope, and pen on a document.

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Advancing Evidence-Based Medicine for Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome Element Recognition and Extraction in Medical Literature: Large Language Model Approach

Zeyuan Hao, Yifan Duan, Yu Wang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 14); 28:e91215

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Elderly woman uses tablet with "Safety UI Bundle" app, featuring Chinese text.

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Effects of a Safety User Interface Bundle on Verification Intentions in Generative AI Chat Use Among Older Chinese Adults: Randomized Vignette Survey

Jun'an Yu, Jun Chen, Anjie Ren, Hui Duan, Hua Meng, Zhuo Gao

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 14); 28:e94140

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Microscope objective lens over petri dish with glowing network visualization

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Methods of Evaluating Large Language Model–Based Health Care Applications Used by Nonprofessionals: Protocol for a Scoping Review

Maren Keuchel, Pinar Bisgin, Tom Strube, Niklas Tschorn, Leoni Weltermann, Sven Meister

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Aug 11); 15:e93509

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Woman with infusion device on arm uses smartphone, discussing cancer treatment.

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Finite State Machine–Guided Retrieval-Augmented Generation Improves Expert-Rated Acceptability of a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Self-Management Chatbot: Single-Center Content Validation Study

Mangyeong Lee, Seung-Beom Cho, Jae-Wook Yu, Junghee Yoon, Jae-Boong Choi, Kyu-Hwan Jung, Juhee Cho

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 11); 28:e92374

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Nurse using voice-to-text on laptop for Project NARRATE medical transcription.

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Nurse-Led Ambient AI Scribe for Patient Safety Incident Investigation Reports (Project NARRATE): Retrospective Pre-Post Comparative Document-Quality Study

Kai Yunn Teo, Liwen Huang, Kelly Chai Yuen Woh, Shin Yuh Ang, Jade Gaik Nai Ng

JMIR Nursing 2026 (Aug 10); 9:e100775

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Doctor reviewing ADE Identification software on computer screen

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Intelligent Framework for Adverse Drug Event Identification Using Large Language Models and Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Development and Evaluation Study

Junlong Ma, Xuehong Wu, Zeying Feng, Yun Kuang, Zhendong Ding, Min Li, Guoping Yang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 10); 28:e84086

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Pharmacist discusses medication with a patient in a pharmacy aisle.

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Using Natural Language Processing to Identify Adverse Drug Events Characterized by Medication Replacement in Primary Care Electronic Medical Records: Algorithm and Validation Study

Alan Katz, Abhishek Dhankar, Gillian Fransoo, Diane Gordon Pappas, Amani F Hamad, Christine Leong, Alexander Singer

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 10); 28:e86467

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AI analysis of hip X-ray/MRI for Femoral Head Necrosis, stage 3 ARCO

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Prompt Configurations for Multimodal Large Language Models in Diagnosing and Staging Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: Multimodel Retrospective Observational Diagnostic Study

Jiesheng Zhu, Xingxing Huang, Jincheng Shi, Shaoming Chen, Daosen Chen, Zhihan Gao, Yi Lu, Tao Yang, Xue Wang, Yimu Lin, Peiyu Xu, Li Li, Pei Fan

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 10); 28:e92919

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