Portraying Ethical Risks of Medical AI: Mixed Methods Study From Connotation Definition to a Survey on Physicians’ Cognition

Aiyi Zhang   ^{1 *} , MPH ;   Jing Yu   ^{2 *} , MS ;   Qiaozhen Tao   ^{3 *} , MS ;   Ting Zhou   ⁴ , PhD ;   Aijuan Sheng   ⁵ , MS ;   Rui Li   ⁶ , BA ;   Xiaojing Wu   ⁶ , PhD ;   Zhongguang Yu   ⁶ , PhD

¹ School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China

² School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China

³ The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

⁴ General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

⁵ Ethics Committee Office, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

⁶ Respiratory Centre, China–Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, Chaoyang District, China

*these authors contributed equally