Integrating Heterogeneous Real-World Cancer Data for Semantic Interoperability in Oncology and Medical Imaging: Development and Validation of the Cancer Image Europe Hyperontology

Mirna El Ghosh   ¹ , PhD ;   Varvara Kalokyri   ² , PhD ;   Maciej Bobowicz   ³ , MD, PhD ;   Melanie Sambres   ¹ , MSc ;   Morgan Vaterkowski   ¹ , MSc ;   Olga Giraldo   ⁴ , PhD ;   Jean Charlet   ^{1, 5} , PhD ;   Laure Fournier   ⁶ , MD, PhD ;   Catherine Duclos   ⁷ , PharmD, PhD ;   Xavier Tannier   ¹ , PhD ;   Gianna Tsakou   ⁸ , BSc, MSc ;   Manolis Tsiknakis   ² , PhD ;   Ferdinand Dhombres   ^{1 *} , MD, PhD ;   Christel Daniel   ^{1, 9 *} , MD, PhD

¹ Sorbonne Université, Université Sorbonne Paris-Nord, Inserm, Limics, Paris, France

² Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece

³ 2nd Division of Radiology, Gdańsk Medical University, Gdansk, Poland

⁴ Division of Radiooncology/Radiobiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany

⁵ Direction de la Recherche et de l'Innovation, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France

⁶ Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, PARCC UMRS 970, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France

⁷ Université Sorbonne Paris-Nord, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Avicenne, Santé Publique, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Limics, Bobigny, France

⁸ MAGGIOLI S.P.A.—Greek Branch, Research and Development Lab, Marousi, Greece

⁹ Greater Paris Teaching Hospital (Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris), Medical Information Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor, Creteil, France

*these authors contributed equally