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This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

Digital Health Reviews (3732) Ethics, Privacy, and Legal Issues (817) Personal Health Records, Patient-Accessible Electronic Health Records, Patient Portals (1027) Electronic Health Records (1752) Generative Language Models Including ChatGPT (1564) AI Language Models in Health Care (765) Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues in AI (213)

Published on in Vol 27 (2025)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/76571, first published .
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Considerations for Patient Privacy of Large Language Models in Health Care: Scoping Review

Considerations for Patient Privacy of Large Language Models in Health Care: Scoping Review

Authors of this article:

Xiaoying Zhong1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Siyi Li1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Zhao Chen3 Author Orcid Image ;   Long Ge4, 5, 6 Author Orcid Image ;   Dongdong Yu7 Author Orcid Image ;   Shijia Wang1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Liangzhen You1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Hongcai Shang2, 8
Article Authors Cited by (30) Tweetations (1) Metrics

Journals

  1. Aydogan H, Yaşar Teke H, Sevindik M, Öztürk Z. Inferential performance and temporal stability of large language models in suicide method prediction: A forensic psychiatric analysis. Health Informatics Journal 2026;32(1) View
  2. Mine Y, Taji T, Takeda S, Okazaki S, Peng T, Kakimoto N, Murayama T. Assessing multimodal large language models for localizing dental implant fixtures on panoramic radiographs. Journal of Dentistry 2026;168:106580 View
  3. O’Malley L, Halley A, Willms A, Edwards I, Liu S. Creating customized chatbots with ChatGPT to promote physical activity: a mini review. Frontiers in Digital Health 2026;8 View
  4. Vijayasimha M, Srikanth M, Singh M. From promise to proof: making multimodal LLMs in reproductive psychiatry audit-ready, privacy-verifiable, and globally deployable. Archives of Women's Mental Health 2026;29(3) View
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  6. Obaid O. SCALPEL: A Framework for Surgical Artificial Intelligence Prompting. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 2026 View
  7. Zhang Q, Ren Y, Qin S, Zhang X, Zhang L, Huang J, Liu Z, Liu C, Feng H, Chen J, Ding Y, You W, Jiang H, Pan Y, Zhou Y, Chen J, Chen L, Liu W, Liu T, Zhao Z, Zhang L. Toward vibe medicine: A self-evolving multi-agent framework for clinical decision support. Meta-Radiology 2026;4(2):100223 View
  8. Aroua R, Kammoun I, Louati M, Adjeroh D, Duan T. Recent advances in defending the privacy attacks of large language models for healthcare applications: a concise review. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence 2026;9 View
  9. Chong A, Lim C, Kim D, Yun M, Bom H, Lee S. Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Nuclear Medicine Research, Education, and Clinical Practice: Results from a 2025 Society-Wide Survey. Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 2026 View
  10. Kenea C, Bonnechère B. AI-Enhanced Extended Reality for Rehabilitation in Africa: A Perspective on Explainable Agents, Co-Creation, and Generative Worlds. Applied Sciences 2026;16(10):4946 View
  11. Vijayasimha M, Srikanth M. Commentary on "Evaluating large language models for surgical chart review of second stage implant-based breast reconstruction: a comparative analysis of manual review, GPT-3.5 Turbo, and GPT-4 Turbo" by Lakhlani, D., Dadhania, D. & Nazerali, R.. European Journal of Plastic Surgery 2026;49(1) View
  12. Valero-Chillerón M, Llagostera-Reverter I, Luna-Aleixos D, González-Chordá V. Investigación en cuidados elevada a la IAgésima potencia: inteligencia artificial generativa aplicada al proceso de investigación en cuidados. Enfermería Clínica 2026;36(4):502553 View
  13. Valero-Chillerón M, Llagostera-Reverter I, Luna-Aleixos D, González-Chordá V. Generative artificial intelligence in nursing care research: Applications across the research process. Enfermería Clínica (English Edition) 2026;36(4):502553 View
  14. Sha Y, Yu L, Lin Z, Kaur A, Lou Y, Gornale S, Zhang T, Wong L, Wang Z, Yan Y, Zhang X, Hong R, Li K, Im S, de Carvalho P, Tan T, Li K. A roadmap for medical large language models: a review of foundations, applications, and challenges. Military Medical Research 2026;13(1):100050 View
  15. Yin J, Wang W, Wu L, Li Z, Wang W, He T, Wang Y, Li G, Tang L, Zhao X, Guo Y, Fan H, Feng L, Zhang Y. Structured Clinical Input–Guided Large Language Model Workflow for Acute Ischemic Stroke Discharge Education: A Multicenter Feasibility Study. Stroke 2026;57(9):2709 View
  16. Menegoni F, Trotti C, Pagani M, Pisano P. Improving ASA-PS classification accuracy using private-deployment-compatible large language models: a multilingual evaluation. Informatics in Medicine Unlocked 2026;65:101796 View
  17. Sablone S, Costantino A, Laurenzano F, Ferretti G, Croce E, Vaiano F, Grassi S. From Privacy to Data Erasure: A Review of New Rights and Emerging Challenges in the Era of Electronic Health Records. Sci 2026;8(8):182 View
  18. Armitage R. The case for near-term artificial intelligence risks to be considered a public health problem. Global Public Health 2026;21(1) View
  19. Chen S, Chen H. Construction and Applications of Knowledge Graphs in Ophthalmology. Ophthalmic Research 2026;69(1):263 View
  20. Adebamowo C, Adebamowo S, Akintola A, Ikhane P, Akintola S, Ogundiran T, Jegede A, Adeyemo O, Callier S, Imam-Tamim M, Uthman I. The Continuity Trap in Data Science Health Research. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2026;28:e98699 View
  21. Husum D, Hügle T. Structured prompting as reusable clinical tools. EULAR Rheumatology Open 2026;2(3):100230 View
  22. Liu B, Asan O. Human Factors in Open-Source Medical Software: Compliance Barriers, AI/LLM Adoption, and Community Dynamics. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care 2026;15(1):27 View
  23. Iranmahboub P, Dave P, Hung M, Pelt J, Ali H, Blum K, Ramaswamy A, Wahba B, Korniyenko A, Huang A, Angulo-Lozano J, Xu H, Suzman E, Posada Calderon L, Borregales L, Scherr D. Natural language processing models for patient-centered summaries of prostatectomy pathology reports. Scientific Reports 2026;16(1) View
  24. Cui L, Wang M, Xu Y, Wei W, Zhao X. Diagnostic accuracy of large language models for emergency department triage: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Emergency Medicine 2026;26(1) View
  25. Khormali A, Soghli N, Miguez P. Guiding the AI revolution in periodontology and implant dentistry: Concepts, ethics, accountability, and a roadmap for sustainable adoption. Periodontology 2000 2026 View
  26. De Bruyne S, Rommes S, Fiers T, Volders P, Maes B. Vibe coding and the illusion of competence: why laboratory medicine specialists shouldn’t trust their AI-generated code for clinical deployment. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 2026 View
  27. Karunanayake N. GPT-5 in medical imaging: Early evidence and the case for hybrid oncology workflows. Intelligent Oncology 2026:100087 View

Books/Policy Documents

  1. Kim H, Kim H. Body Mass Index in Clinical Practice. View
  2. Jaiswal U, Jain J, Saini H, Bhatnagar A, Singh P, Sahu S, Malviya K. Medical LLMs for Clinical Safety Assessment. View

Conference Proceedings

  1. Wang L, Juneja S, Naar S, Lee M, Sha K, Shah K, Smith A, Green S, Feng Y. 2026 IEEE/ACM Conference on Connected Health: Applications, Systems and Engineering Technologies (CHASE). LOGAR: A Local–Online Generate–Audit–Refine Framework for Mental Health De-identification View