Published on in Vol 27 (2025)
Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are
available at
https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/68299, first published
.

1 Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
2 School of Nursing, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
3 Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
*these authors contributed equally
