Published on in Vol 25 (2023)
Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are
available at
https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/52865, first published
.

Journals
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- Mu Y, He D. The Potential Applications and Challenges of ChatGPT in the Medical Field. International Journal of General Medicine 2024;Volume 17:817 View
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- Leypold T, Schäfer B, Boos A, Beier J. Artificial Intelligence-Powered Hand Surgery Consultation: GPT-4 as an Assistant in a Hand Surgery Outpatient Clinic. The Journal of Hand Surgery 2024;49(11):1078 View
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- PRATIK R CHABHADIYA , RIDHDHI HIRAPARA , ARUN KESHWALA . POTENTIAL OF LARGE LANGUAGE MODEL CHAT GENERATIVE PRE-TRAINED TRANSFORMER IN CONSTRUCTING MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS ON PHARMACOLOGY OF DIABETES. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 2024:94 View
- MohanaSundaram A, Emran T. A commentary on ‘ChatGPT in medicine: prospects and challenges: a review article’ – correspondence. International Journal of Surgery 2024;110(8):5178 View
- Kikuchi T, Nakao T, Nakamura Y, Hanaoka S, Mori H, Yoshikawa T. Toward Improved Radiologic Diagnostics: Investigating the Utility and Limitations of GPT-3.5 Turbo and GPT-4 with Quiz Cases. American Journal of Neuroradiology 2024 View
- AlSaad R, Abd-alrazaq A, Boughorbel S, Ahmed A, Renault M, Damseh R, Sheikh J. Multimodal Large Language Models in Health Care: Applications, Challenges, and Future Outlook. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2024;26:e59505 View
- Chotcomwongse P, Ruamviboonsuk P, Grzybowski A. Utilizing Large Language Models in Ophthalmology: The Current Landscape and Challenges. Ophthalmology and Therapy 2024 View
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- Artsi Y, Sorin V, Glicksberg B, Nadkarni G, Klang E. Advancing Clinical Practice: The Potential of Multimodal Technology in Modern Medicine. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2024;13(20):6246 View
- Beard K, Pennington A, Gauff A, Mitchell K, Smith J, Marion D. Potential Applications and Ethical Considerations for Artificial Intelligence in Traumatic Brain Injury Management. Biomedicines 2024;12(11):2459 View
- Nzobonimpa S, Savard J, Caron I, Lawarée J. Automating public policy: a comparative study of conversational artificial intelligence models and human expertise in crafting briefing notes. AI & SOCIETY 2024 View
- Madanchian M. Generative AI for Consumer Behavior Prediction: Techniques and Applications. Sustainability 2024;16(22):9963 View
- Chen Y, Lehmann C, Malin B. Digital Information Ecosystems in Modern Care Coordination and Patient Care Pathways and the Challenges and Opportunities for AI Solutions. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2024;26:e60258 View
- Munro M, Gore R, Lynch C, Hastings Y, Reinhold A. Enhancing risk and crisis communication with computational methods: A systematic literature review. Risk Analysis 2024 View
- Ding Z, Wei R, Xia J, Mu Y, Wang J, Lin Y. Exploring the potential of large language model–based chatbots in challenges of ribosome profiling data analysis: a review. Briefings in Bioinformatics 2024;26(1) View
- Hasan S, Fury M, Woo J, Kunze K, Ramkumar P. Ethical Application of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 2025;41(4):874 View
- Agbareia R, Omar M, Soffer S, Glicksberg B, Nadkarni G, Klang E. Visual-textual integration in LLMs for medical diagnosis: A preliminary quantitative analysis. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal 2025;27:184 View
- Rashidian N, Abu Hilal M, Frigerio I, Guerra M, Sterckx S, Tozzi F, Capelli G, Verdi D, Spolverato G, Gulla A, Ratti F, Healey A, Esposito A, De Pastena M, Belli A, Bouwense S, Apostolos A, Lang S, López-López V, Stavrou G, Aldrighetti L, Strobel O, Croner R, Gumbs A. Ethics and trustworthiness of artificial intelligence in Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary surgery: a snapshot of insights from the European-African Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association (E-AHPBA) survey. HPB 2025;27(4):502 View
- Xu R, Hong Y, Zhang F, Xu H. Evaluation of the integration of retrieval-augmented generation in large language model for breast cancer nursing care responses. Scientific Reports 2024;14(1) View
- Biesheuvel L, Workum J, Reuland M, van Genderen M, Thoral P, Dongelmans D, Elbers P. Large language models in critical care. Journal of Intensive Medicine 2025;5(2):113 View
- Azimi I, Qi M, Wang L, Rahmani A, Li Y. Evaluation of LLMs accuracy and consistency in the registered dietitian exam through prompt engineering and knowledge retrieval. Scientific Reports 2025;15(1) View
- Malpani R, Moodley K. Large multimodal models: boon or burden for low- and middle-income countries. International Health 2025 View
- Liu Q, Yang R, Gao Q, Liang T, Wang X, Li S, Lei B, Gao K. A Review of Applying Large Language Models in Healthcare. IEEE Access 2025;13:6878 View
- Almubark I. Exploring the Impact of Large Language Models on Disease Diagnosis. IEEE Access 2025;13:8225 View
- Islam M, Spiro E, Yap P, Gorin M, Rowe S. The potential of generative AI with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT: challenges and future directions. Medical Review 2025 View
- Wang Z, Yuan F, LeBaron V, Flickinger T, Barnes L. PALLM: Evaluating and Enhancing PALL iative Care Conversations with L arge L anguage M odels. ACM Transactions on Computing for Healthcare 2025 View
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- Ma W, Liu Y, Yi Q, Liu X, Xing W, Zhao R, Liu H, Li R, Federolf P. Table tennis coaching system based on a multimodal large language model with a table tennis knowledge base. PLOS ONE 2025;20(2):e0317839 View
- Liu Y, Cao X, Chen T, Jiang Y, You J, Wu M, Wang X, Feng M, Jin Y, Chen J. From screens to scenes: A survey of embodied AI in healthcare. Information Fusion 2025;119:103033 View
- Hou C, Gao Y, Lin X, Wu J, Li N, Lv H, Chu W. A review of recent artificial intelligence for traditional medicine. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine 2025 View
- Yan B, Li K, Xu M, Dong Y, Zhang Y, Ren Z, Cheng X. On protecting the data privacy of Large Language Models (LLMs) and LLM agents: A literature review. High-Confidence Computing 2025:100300 View
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Books/Policy Documents
- F. Heston T. A Comprehensive Overview of Telemedicine. View
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Conference Proceedings
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- Ma M, Yang Y, Han Y, Deng X, Fan Q, Feng Y. 2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM). Integrating Advanced Language Models and Economic Incentives for Domain Adaptive Medical Data Stewardship View
- Trad F, Chehab A. 2024 2nd International Conference on Foundation and Large Language Models (FLLM). Large Multimodal Agents for Accurate Phishing Detection with Enhanced Token Optimization and Cost Reduction View
- Rasheed A, Chasib S, Alabbas H, Zarkoosh M, Abbas S. 2024 IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applied Network Technologies (ICMLANT). IELTS Writing Tasks Evaluation Using LLMs: A Comparative Study of ChatGPT, Claude, Copilot, and Google Gemini View
- Inoshita K, Zhou X. 2024 IEEE International Conference on Big Data and Cloud Computing (BDCloud). Sentiment Bias and Security Analysis in Training Datasets of Large Language Models View