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Artificial Intelligence (5018) Clinical Informatics (2390) Clinical Information and Decision Making (3888) Natural Language Processing (1331) Machine Learning (3331)

Published on in Vol 25 (2023)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/41043, first published .
Person's hands holding various colorful pills and capsules.

An Accurate Deep Learning–Based System for Automatic Pill Identification: Model Development and Validation

An Accurate Deep Learning–Based System for Automatic Pill Identification: Model Development and Validation

Authors of this article:

Junyeong Heo1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Youjin Kang3 Author Orcid Image ;   SangKeun Lee3, 4 Author Orcid Image ;   Dong-Hwa Jeong5, 6 Author Orcid Image ;   Kang-Min Kim5, 6 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by (35) Tweetations (5) Metrics

Journals

  1. Chiang C, Yang Y, Liu W, Lin Y. Improving Automatic Identification of Medications in Transparent Packaging by Glare Removal and Color Correction. IEEE Access 2023;11:118812 View
  2. Chiu Y. Automated medication verification system (AMVS): System based on edge detection and CNN classification drug on embedded systems. Heliyon 2024;10(9):e30486 View
  3. Rádli R, Vörösházi Z, Czúni L. Metric‐based pill recognition with the help of textual and visual cues. IET Image Processing 2024;18(14):4623 View
  4. Bai E, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Luo X, Adelgais K. Enhancing prehospital decision-making: exploring user needs and design considerations for clinical decision support systems. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making 2025;25(1) View
  5. Kim S, Chae M, Lee J, Lee H. Advanced Pharmaceutical Recognition System Based on Deep Learning for Mobile Medication Identification. Applied Sciences 2025;15(10):5644 View
  6. Lee J, Park J, Kim C. Development of an AI-Based Model for Identifying Doping Drugs Through Pill Image Analysis. Journal of Drug Issues 2026;56(4):760 View
  7. Yoon K, Lee S, Park J, Kim K. CNN-Based Automatic Tablet Classification Using a Vibration-Controlled Bowl Feeder with Spiral Torque Optimization. Sensors 2025;25(14):4248 View
  8. Rashmi R, Shubhangi M. AI-driven drug pill recognition system: A CNN-based android application for visually impaired and senior citizens. i-manager's Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies 2025;12(1):24 View
  9. Kavitha N, Madhumathy P. Real-time pill identification and classification using deep learning framework for medicine inspection systems. Discover Electronics 2025;2(1) View
  10. Jo J, Yoon S, Cho J. GO-PILL: A Geometry-Aware OCR Pipeline for Reliable Recognition of Debossed and Curved Pill Imprints. Mathematics 2026;14(2):356 View
  11. Nguyen Thi My L, Vo T, Truong Hoang V. Real-time pill image recognition on edge devices with Adaptive Lightweight Attention. Journal of Real-Time Image Processing 2026;23(1) View
  12. Pérez-Beltrán C, Jiménez-Carvelo A, Sandoval-Sicairos E, Osuna-Martínez U, Santos-Ballardo C, Carrazco-Ávila P, Cuevas-Rodríguez E, Cuadros-Rodríguez L. Machine learning and optical imaging for pharmaceutical forensic toxicology: A comprehensive review. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis Open 2026;7:100104 View
  13. Sai Sachin A, Karthikeyan J. A Hybrid-Based Deep Learning Framework for Pill Detection, Multi-Attribute Classification, and Prediction With Metadata Retrieval. IEEE Access 2026;14:17905 View
  14. Suetsugu K, Kanazawa N, Masakado Y, Amadatsu N, Soeda Y, Yaji K, Terazono H. Impact of an AI-Based Tablet Identification System on Unit-Dose Verification Efficiency and the Feasibility of Task Shifting and Task Sharing to Pharmacy Assistants. Iryo Yakugaku (Japanese Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences) 2026;52(5):273 View
  15. Zhang J, Li C, Cristani M, Sun H, Grzegorzek M, Chen H. WP-FSCIL: A Well-Prepared Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning Framework for Pill Recognition. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 2026;30(6):4572 View
  16. Pujari J, Bikku T, Singamaneni K, Ranjani A, Ide N, Thota S. A hybrid framework for pill identification using convolutional neural networks and optical character recognition. Discover Artificial Intelligence 2026;6(1) View
  17. Wiśniewski K, Nowak M, Adamczyk T. What Work Has Artificial Intelligence Actually Taken on in Pharmacy? A Scoping Review of Dispensing, Clinical Review, and Medicines Information. Archives of Pharmacy Practice 2025;16(4):34 View
  18. Liu H, Zheng Y, Wu B, Gan Y. Objective Assessment of Medication Adherence Through Automated Pill Detection Using a Computer Vision Framework: Development and Evaluation Study. JMIR AI 2026;5:e92528 View
  19. Kim J, Rowell B, Whitaker M, Chen Q, Al Kontar R, Lester C, Yang X. Effects of AI Assistance Timing on Pharmacists’ Trust in Automated Pill Recognition Technology: Within-Participants Experimental Study. JMIR Human Factors 2026;13:e92822 View
  20. Mohsenikhah E. Computer vision for objective medication adherence assessment: From pill recognition to ingestion verification and clinical benefit, with comparative evidence from non-visual digital adherence technologies. Intelligent Hospital 2026:100122 View

Books/Policy Documents

  1. Ramlee M, Khairuddin I. Proceedings of the 7th Asia Pacific Conference on Manufacturing Systems and 6th International Manufacturing Engineering Conference—Volume 1. View
  2. Bui H, Nguyen X, Hoang V, Mac T. Proceedings of the 4th Annual International Conference on Material, Machines, and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2024). View
  3. Pinto G, Martins R, Pereira H, Ribeiro R, Conceição L, Marreiros G. Emerging Trends in Information Systems and Technologies. View
  4. Bhalla S, Thakur A, Sharma V, Singh N, Srivastava R. Emerging Trends in Medical Robotics. View
  5. . Medication Safety in Look-Alike Sound-Alike (LASA) Drugs. View

Conference Proceedings

  1. Rádli R, Vörösházi Z, Czúni L. 2023 IEEE 12th International Conference on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications (IDAACS). Multi-Stream Pill Recognition with Attention View
  2. R M, R A, N M, Unnikrishnan A, S S. 2024 International Conference on Emerging Research in Computational Science (ICERCS). Drug Pills Identification System using Google Gemini LLM: A Generative AI approach View
  3. Muppidi M, Ponnagani S, Sunnapu S. 2025 3rd International Conference on Self Sustainable Artificial Intelligence Systems (ICSSAS). Reinforcement Learning-Driven Multi-Modal Sentiment Analysis for Personalized Drug Recommendations View
  4. Pallewela C, Senanayake A, Wijayagunawardene V. 2025 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Computer, Data Sciences and Applications (ACDSA). MediAI: Intelligent AI System for Medicine Identification, Symptom Analysis Chatbot, and QR Code Tracking for Central Province, Sri Lanka View
  5. Balahariraj N, Subiksha M, Dharshini R, Arunmozhidevan T, Kalpana P. 2026 2nd International Conference on Advances in Intelligent Computing and Applications (AICAPS). PGPNet-X: A Multi-modal and Explainable Pill Detection System View
  6. A A, S E, R N. 2026 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Quantum Photonics, Artificial Intelligence & Networking (QPAIN). Smart Medication Management System with Face Recognition and Automated Pills Dispenser View
  7. Bathan D, Parma F, Colis L, Claveron R, Agna A, Simon R. 2026 IEEE 16th Symposium on Computer Applications & Industrial Electronics (ISCAIE). PILLNOW: An Integrated CNN-YOLO and KNN Approach for Real-Time Pill Detection and Classification View
  8. Reddy P, D.Ganesh , Himabindu T, Rasool Y, Lavanya K, Reddy B. 2026 IEEE 1st International Conference on Intelligent Technologies for a Sustainable and Inclusive Future (ICITSIF). Identification and Detection of Pills Using Deep Learning Methods View
  9. Syahwal G, Rahman Hakim A, Muftikhali Q. 2026 14th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT). An Approach for Solid Drug Counting Using Computer Vision with System Usability Assessment View
  10. Liang X, Zuo Z, Chang W, Liu H, Meng F. 2026 11th International Conference on Image, Vision and Computing (ICIVC). A Prototype Enhanced Text Confidence Guided Fusion Method for Pharmaceutical Package Recognition View