Published on in Vol 22 , No 12 (2020) :December

1 Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, US
2 National Clinician Scholars Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, US
3 Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, US
4 Corporal Michael J Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, US
5 Penn Medicine Predictive Healthcare, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA, US
6 Center for Healthcare Innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, US
7 Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, US
8 Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, US
*these authors contributed equally