Published on in Vol 28 (2026)

1 The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Peking University Cancer Hospital Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
2 School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, Beijing, China
3 School of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
4 Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
5 National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
6 Public Health Emergency Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
*these authors contributed equally
