Digital Twin–Assisted Risk Disclosure in Adults Undergoing Elective Bronchoscopy: Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Mingming Deng   ^{1 *} , MD ;   Weidong Xu   ^{1, 2 *} , MD ;   Fei Tang   ^{3 *} , MD ;   Hong Chen   ^{4 *} , MD ;   Zhen Yang   ⁵ , MD ;   Feng Wang   ⁶ , MD ;   Nan Zhang   ⁷ , MD ;   Haihong Wu   ⁸ , MD ;   Jia Li   ¹ , MD ;   Ziwen Zheng   ^{1, 2} , MD ;   Sinan Wu   ⁹ , MD ;   Gang Hou   ^{1 *} , MD

¹ National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China

² China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

³ Department of Interventional Pulmonology and Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, China

⁴ Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

⁵ Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China

⁶ Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

⁷ Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing, China

⁸ Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan, China

⁹ National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Data Management, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China

*these authors contributed equally