Published on in Vol 28 (2026)

1 Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
2 Department of Radiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yuxi, Yunnan, China
3 School of Information and Software Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
4 School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
5 Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
6 Department of Radiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
7 Department of Radiology, Stanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
*these authors contributed equally
