Published on in Vol 27 (2025)

1 School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
2 Public Health Research Center, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
3 Nursing Department, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
4 Department of General Practice, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
5 Institute of Community Medicine, China Academy of Hospital Development, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
6 Shanghai Xuhui Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shanghai, China
7 Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai, Shanghai, China
8 Institute of Medical Education, China Academy of Hospital Development, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
*these authors contributed equally
