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Digital Health Reviews (1879) Clinical Informatics (1494) Knowledge Translation and Implementation Science (607) Decision Support for Health Professionals (1693) Artificial Intelligence (2459) AI Language Models in Health Care (288)

Published on in Vol 27 (2025)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/72062, first published .
AI doctor hologram consults with patient in futuristic medical office

Large Language Models in Medical Diagnostics: Scoping Review With Bibliometric Analysis

Large Language Models in Medical Diagnostics: Scoping Review With Bibliometric Analysis

Authors of this article:

Hankun Su1, 2, 3 Author Orcid Image ;   Yuanyuan Sun1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Ruiting Li4 Author Orcid Image ;   Aozhe Zhang3 Author Orcid Image ;   Yuemeng Yang1, 2, 3 Author Orcid Image ;   Fen Xiao5 Author Orcid Image ;   Zhiying Duan1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Jingjing Chen1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Qin Hu1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Tianli Yang1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Bin Xu1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Qiong Zhang1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Jing Zhao1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Yanping Li1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Hui Li1, 2 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by (35) Tweetations Metrics

Journals

  1. Belkhouribchia J, Pen J. Large language models in clinical nutrition: an overview of its applications, capabilities, limitations, and potential future prospects. Frontiers in Nutrition 2025;12 View
  2. Güldiken İ, Dilaver E. Evaluation of ChatGPT-4.5 and DeepSeek-V3-R1 in answering patient-centered questions about orthognathic surgery: a comparative study across two languages. Northwestern Medical Journal 2025;5(4):209 View
  3. Schnegg-Kaufmann A, Bacher U, Rovó A, Andres M, Wiedemann G, Porret N, Moshaver B, Kaufmann N, Tchinda J, Meyer S, Angelillo-Scherrer A. Artificial Intelligence in Haematologic Diagnostics: Current Applications and Future Perspectives. Acta Haematologica 2025:1 View
  4. Abou-Bakr A, El Barbary A, Hassanein F. ChatGPT-5 vs oral medicine experts for rank-based differential diagnosis of oral lesions: a prospective, biopsy-validated comparison. Odontology 2025 View
  5. Peltonen L, Topaz M, Zhang Z. From Research to Practice in Days, not Decades: Why Leaders Must Act now. Journal of Medical Systems 2025;49(1) View
  6. Njenga K, Macheka R. AI Hallucinations in Information Security: A Bibliometric and Grounded Study Perspective. Journal of Information Security and Cybercrimes Research 2025;8(2):129 View
  7. Beiriger J, Estephan L, Campbell D, Dhillon V, Goldenberg D, Noel J, Orloff L, Russell M, Russell J, Sinclair C, Cottrill E. Evaluating Artificial Intelligence Chatbots for Patient Education on Thyroid Radiofrequency Ablation: An Analysis of Accuracy, Quality, and Readability. Thyroid® 2026;36(2):162 View
  8. Tsakiridi A, Tsimpida D, Walker D, Hezarkhani B, Alwan N. Who buys ugly produce? A systematic scoping review and bibliometric analysis of intersectional consumer patterns towards sustainable food purchasing. Strategic Business Research 2026;2(1):100063 View
  9. Jiang Z, Chen H, Wu Y, Qin Y, Pei C, Zeng D, Sheng B, Wong T. Beyond multiple-choice questions: Rethinking evaluation frameworks for large language models for clinical medicine. Intelligent Medicine 2026;6(2):109 View
  10. Cheema M, Nazir A, Harmanci A, Harmanci A, Cheema Y, Masood S, Khokhar F. Large language models in radiogenomics: a comprehensive survey of applications from imaging to genetics. The Visual Computer 2026;42(4) View
  11. Tang W, Chen R, Long X, Yu D, Zhao S, Chen B. Medical large language models and systems in the clinical application of spinal diseases: Current status, challenges, and future prospects. Journal of Orthopaedic Translation 2026;57:101050 View
  12. Es’haghi A, Aliyariparand M, Jamalipour Soufi K, Aghaei H. Accuracy and completeness of large language models in Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Queries: A Comparative study. International Journal of Medical Informatics 2026;213:106363 View
  13. Altunisik E, Ekmekyapar Firat Y, Cengiz E, Comruk G. From GPT-3.5 to GPT-5.2: a paired longitudinal evaluation of large language models in clinical neurology. Neurological Research 2026;48(4):522 View
  14. Jamil S, Saha S, Misra R. Enhancing adverse drug event extraction and summarization for cancer drugs through large language models. Journal of Biomedical Informatics 2026;178:105009 View
  15. Santarelli V, Lombardo R, Romagnoli M, Sequi M, Coppola L, Rosato E, De Cillis S, Checcucci E, Amparore D, Ragonese M, Foschi N, Spatafora P, Tema G, Nacchia A, Cicione A, Franco A, Pastore A, Al Salhi Y, Gallo G, Pagliarulo V, Rocco B, Gacci M, Fiori C, Finazzi Agro E, Sciarra A, Del Giudice F, Tubaro A, De Nunzio C. Accuracy, readability, and understandability of European Association of Urology guidelines bot for Sexual and Reproductive Health Guidelines. The Journal of Sexual Medicine 2026;23(4) View
  16. Luo W, Feng T, Zhang T, Chen X, Lu X, Li Y, Hou C, Gao J. Attitudes and perceptions of the application of large language models among health professionals: A mixed-methods systematic review. Public Health 2026;254:106252 View
  17. Beste N, Dratsch T, Kottlors J, Floßdrof P, Konitsioti A, Volz L, Hanning U, Pinto dos Santos D, Goertz L, Zopfs D, Kabbasch C, Schlamann M, Laukamp K, Schönfeld M. Symptom-Only Localization of Brainstem Ischemia: Large Language Models vs. Neurologists in 109 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging–Positive Cases: A Retrospective Study (Preprint). JMIR Formative Research 2025 View
  18. Alshammari A, Madfa A, Anazi B. Human versus artificial intelligence in oral pathology diagnosis: a comparative study of ChatGPT, Grok, and MANUS. Scientific Reports 2026;16(1) View
  19. Plasek J, Leeson M, Lundstedt J, Ernecoff N, Fiskio J, Plombon S, Streiter S, Mueller S, Lipsitz S, Loewenthal J, Zhou L, Dalal A. Validation of a Large Language Model Enhanced Frailty Index. Journal of Medical Systems 2026;50(1) View
  20. Urfy M, Mir M. A Decade of Artificial Intelligence in Stroke Care (2015–2025): Trends, Clinical Translation, and the Precision Medicine Frontier—A Narrative Review. Journal of Personalized Medicine 2026;16(4):218 View
  21. Wang J, Zhu H, Xu J, Fu J, Liu L, Chen X, Chen Z, Zhou H, Liu Z, Lin H, Gu Z. Oncology drug resistance prediction tools: Database infrastructure, algorithmic innovation, and clinical translation. Current Molecular Pharmacology 2026;19(1):85 View
  22. Fung A, Abdalla M, Cheng Y, Elsayed M, Chojecki D, Mitchell J, Ye C. Systematic literature review and narrative synthesis of the use of natural language processing to triage outpatient referrals. Frontiers in Health Services 2026;6 View
  23. Ucdal M, Gecegelen E, Balcı C. Multimodal Large Language Models: A Promising Frontier for Sarcopenia Diagnosis in Post-Acute and Long-Term Care. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 2026;27(6):106192 View
  24. Lialiou P, Katsiroumpa A, Gallos P, Konstantakopoulou O, Moisoglou I, Galani O, Tsiachri M, Galanis P. Exploring Nurses’ Perspectives on the Use of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots for Mental Health Support: A Cross-Sectional Study in Greece. Nursing Reports 2026;16(4):133 View
  25. Zhong W, Fu Y, Peng D, Liu Y, Liu Y, Yang K, Gao H, Yan H, Hao W, Yan Y, Yin C. Open-Source Large Language Models Distilled DeepSeek-R1 Pose Challenges for On-Premises Clinical Deployment in Medical Diagnosis: A Comparative Study of Performance. Journal of Medical Systems 2026;50(1) View
  26. Fukuda H, Morishita M, Muraoka K, Maeda S, Nakamura T, Habu M, Awano S, Ono K. Comparative Performance of Three GPT Models on Japanese Dental Board-Style Multiple-Choice Questions. Computers 2026;15(5):317 View
  27. Carmona Clavijo G, Nong P, Tan S, Platt J. Public Expectations for Food and Drug Administration Approval of AI-Based Clinical Decision Support Tools: Quantitative Study. JMIR AI 2026;5:e84315 View
  28. Martínez‐Burgos A, Enamorado‐Díaz E, Gutiérrez‐Rodríguez J, García‐García J. Applications of ChatGPT in the Health Sector: A Systematic Literature Review. Expert Systems 2026;43(7) View
  29. PATEL J, TIRMIZI Z, WAHEED A, AYDIN S, GAJJAR A, MUHAMMAD N, LEGARRETA A, ZEESHAN Q, HAMILTON D, AGARWAL N, DENG H. Large language models in artificial intelligence to answer patient questions in spine surgery: an evaluation of current evidence. Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences 2026;70(3) View
  30. Silva A, Schwingel D, de Aquino S, Brito R, Silva M, Fernandes F, Silva A, Shiosaki R, Carvalho P, Gonçalves R, Maciel P, Camatari F, Maduro P, Ribeiro M, Schwingel P. Gender-Attributed Persona Prompts and the Diagnostic Accuracy of Proprietary and Open-Weight Large Language Models in Chagas Disease and Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Paired Experimental Study. Healthcare 2026;14(10):1385 View

Books/Policy Documents

  1. Essafi H. Flexible Query Answering Systems. View
  2. Azevedo M. The Palgrave Handbook on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. View

Conference Proceedings

  1. Umucu E, Solis G, Garza L, Rivas E, Lee B, Kotal A, Piplai A. 2025 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData). Empathy by Design: Aligning Large Language Models for Healthcare Dialogue View
  2. Ali A, Kumar K, Kaur H. 2026 International Conference on Intelligent Processing, Hardware, Electronics, and Radio Systems (CIPHER). A Review on the Role of Generative AI and Large Language Models in Telemedicine Diagnosis and Clinical Triage View
  3. Srivastava S, Chandrakar H, Kaur H. 2026 International Conference on Intelligent Processing, Hardware, Electronics, and Radio Systems (CIPHER). The Impact of Generative AI and Large Language Models on Telemedicine Diagnostics: A Systematic Review View