Published on in Vol 27 (2025)
Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are
available at
https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/65932, first published
.

1 School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
2 College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
*these authors contributed equally