Testing the Impact of Intensive, Longitudinal Sampling on Assessments of Statistical Power and Effect Size Within a Heterogeneous Human Population: Natural Experiment Using Change in Heart Rate on Weekends as a Surrogate Intervention

Severine Soltani   ^{1, 2} , BS ;   Varun K Viswanath   ³ , PhD ;   Patrick Kasl   ² , PhD ;   Wendy Hartogensis   ⁴ , PhD ;   Stephan Dilchert   ⁵ , PhD ;   Frederick M Hecht   ⁴ , MD ;   Ashley E Mason   ^{4 *} , PhD ;   Benjamin L Smarr   ^{2, 6 *} , PhD

¹ Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States

² Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States

³ Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States

⁴ Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

⁵ Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College, New York, NY, United States

⁶ Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States

*these authors contributed equally