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Published on in Vol 28 (2026)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/98374, first published .
Exhausted nurse in PPE adjusts goggles, head bowed, stethoscope visible.

Analyzing Nurse Sentiment in a Dutch Regional Newspaper During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparative Content Analysis of GPT-5, Gemini 2.5 Pro, and Human Coding

Analyzing Nurse Sentiment in a Dutch Regional Newspaper During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparative Content Analysis of GPT-5, Gemini 2.5 Pro, and Human Coding

Bram van den Berkmortel   1 , BSc, LLB ;   Daan Westra   1 , PhD ;   Rachel Gifford   1 , PhD ;   Frank Christian van de Baan   1 , PhD

1 Department of Health Services Research, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands

Corresponding Author:

  • Bram van den Berkmortel, BSc, LLB
  • Department of Health Services Research
  • Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University
  • Duboisdomein 30
  • Maastricht, Limburg 6229GT
  • The Netherlands
  • Phone: 31 043 38 81 553
  • Email: bramberkmortel@gmail.com