Published on in Vol 28 (2026)
This is a member publication of University of Toronto

1 Artificial Intelligence and Mathematical Modeling Lab, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
2 Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
3 Global South Artificial Intelligence for Pandemic and Epidemic Preparedness and Response Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
4 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, York University, North York, ON, Canada
5 Africa-Canada Artificial Intelligence and Data Innovation Consortium, Toronto, ON, Canada
6 Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
7 Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
8 Department of Mathematics, Bahen Centre for Information Technology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
