Real-Time Antecedents of Young Adults’ Vaping and Co-Vaping of Nicotine and Cannabis: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study

Vuong Van Do   ¹ , PhD ;   Pamela May Ling   ^{1, 2} , MD, MPH ;   Salomeh Keyhani   ³ , MD ;   Gregory M Marcus   ⁴ , MD, MAS ;   Johannes Thrul   ^{5, 6, 7} , PhD ;   Nhung Nguyen   ^{1, 2} , PhD

¹ Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

² Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

³ Center for Data to Discovery and Delivery Innovation (3DI), San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, United States

⁴ Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

⁵ Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States

⁶ Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States

⁷ Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia