This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

Theme Issue 2022: Social Media, Ethics, and COVID-19 Misinformation (45) JMIR Theme Issue: COVID-19 Special Issue (2554) Quality/Credibility of eHealth Information and Trust Issues (654) Infodemiology and Infoveillance (1558) Infoveillance, Infodemiology, Digital Disease Surveillance, Infodemic Management (1139)

Published on in Vol 24, No 8 (2022): August

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/36085, first published .
Assessing the Role of Social Bots During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Infodemic, Disagreement, and Criticism

Assessing the Role of Social Bots During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Infodemic, Disagreement, and Criticism

Assessing the Role of Social Bots During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Infodemic, Disagreement, and Criticism

Authors of this article:

Victor Suarez-Lledo1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Javier Alvarez-Galvez1, 2 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by (20) Tweetations (11) Metrics

Journals

  1. Weng Z, Lin A. Public Opinion Manipulation on Social Media: Social Network Analysis of Twitter Bots during the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022;19(24):16376 View
  2. Ruiz-Núñez C, Herrera-Peco I, Campos-Soler S, Carmona-Pestaña Á, Benítez de Gracia E, Peña Deudero J, García-Notario A. Sentiment Analysis on Twitter: Role of Healthcare Professionals in the Global Conversation during the AstraZeneca Vaccine Suspension. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2023;20(3):2225 View
  3. Li Z, Wu X, Xu L, Liu M, Huang C. Hot Topic Recognition of Health Rumors Based on Anti-Rumor Articles on the WeChat Official Account Platform: Topic Modeling. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2023;25:e45019 View
  4. Adebesin F, Smuts H, Mawela T, Maramba G, Hattingh M. The Role of Social Media in Health Misinformation and Disinformation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Bibliometric Analysis. JMIR Infodemiology 2023;3:e48620 View
  5. Alvarez-Galvez J, Cruz F, Troyano J. Discovery and characterisation of socially polarised communities on social media. Scientific Reports 2023;13(1) View
  6. Luo H, Meng X, Zhao Y, Cai M. Rise of social bots: The impact of social bots on public opinion dynamics in public health emergencies from an information ecology perspective. Telematics and Informatics 2023;85:102051 View
  7. Unlu A, Truong S, Sawhney N, Sivelä J, Tammi T. Tracing the dynamics of misinformation and vaccine stance in Finland amid COVID-19. Information, Communication & Society 2025;28(2):193 View
  8. Peng H, Zhang J, Huang X, Hao Z, Li A, Yu Z, Yu P. Unsupervised Social Bot Detection via Structural Information Theory. ACM Transactions on Information Systems 2024;42(6):1 View
  9. Suarez-Lledo V, Ortega-Martin E, Carretero-Bravo J, Ramos-Fiol B, Alvarez-Galvez J. Unraveling the Use of Disinformation Hashtags by Social Bots During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Social Networks Analysis. JMIR Infodemiology 2025;5:e50021 View
  10. Unlu A, Truong S, Sawhney N, Tammi T. Unveiling the Veiled Threat: The Impact of Bots on COVID-19 Health Communication. Social Science Computer Review 2025;43(4):675 View
  11. Egli A, Lynn T, Rosati P, Sinclair G. Bad robot? The benevolent use of automated software and social bots by influencers in the #antivaxx discourse on Twitter. Online Information Review 2025;49(8):44 View
  12. Azami-Aghdash S, Mohammaddokht S, kashani M, Pourgholam N, Nouri M, Nasiri E, Behzadifar M. Public education during epidemics of infectious diseases: A national mixed-method study with parallel convergent design in a low and middle-income country. PLOS One 2025;20(8):e0328451 View
  13. Al-Qahtani A, Abbas H, Cresci S, Di Pietro R. The COVID-19 Infodemic: A Survey. IEEE Access 2025;13:176639 View
  14. Camacho-García M, Serrano-Macías M, Ortega-Martin E, Alvarez-Galvez J. Drivers of health polarization during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Science Advances 2025;11(46) View
  15. Alvarez-Galvez J, Carretero-Bravo J, Lagares-Franco C, Ramos-Fiol B, Ortega-Martin E. Development of a Conceptual Framework of Health Misinformation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review of Reviews. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 2025;11:e62693 View
  16. Karami A, Zain A, Jamal A. Unveiling the information mirage: a systematic literature review of health misinformation on social media. Journal of Public Health 2025 View
  17. Saucier C, Wack M, Linvill D, Okoronkwo A, Tatineni G, Sezgin A. Content Camouflage: How Diversified Posting Patterns Influence Human Detection of AI-Enabled Social Bots. Computers in Human Behavior 2025:108881 View

Books/Policy Documents

  1. Archontaki I, Papaevagelou D. Social Media and Modern Society - How Social Media Are Changing the Way We Interact with the World Around. View
  2. Schwarz K, Creutzburg R, Hartmann M, Arias-Aranda D. Proceedings of International Conference on Theoretical and Applied Computing. View

Conference Proceedings

  1. Riazi A, Wang Y. 2022 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI). Using Topological Analysis to Investigate True and False Information Diffusion View