mHealth or eHealth? Efficacy, Use, and Appreciation of a Web-Based Computer-Tailored Physical Activity Intervention for Dutch Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background Until a few years ago, Web-based computer-tailored interventions were almost exclusively delivered via computer (eHealth). However, nowadays, interventions delivered via mobile phones (mHealth) are an interesting alternative for health promotion, as they may more easily reach people 24/7. Objective The first aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of an mHealth and an eHealth version of a Web-based computer-tailored physical activity intervention with a control group. The second aim was to assess potential differences in use and appreciation between the 2 versions. Methods We collected data among 373 Dutch adults at 5 points in time (baseline, after 1 week, after 2 weeks, after 3 weeks, and after 6 months). We recruited participants from a Dutch online research panel and randomly assigned them to 1 of 3 conditions: eHealth (n=138), mHealth (n=108), or control condition (n=127). All participants were asked to complete questionnaires at the 5 points in time. Participants in the eHealth and mHealth group received fully automated tailored feedback messages about their current level of physical activity. Furthermore, they received personal feedback aimed at increasing their amount of physical activity when needed. We used analysis of variance and linear regression analyses to examine differences between the 2 study groups and the control group with regard to efficacy, use, and appreciation. Results Participants receiving feedback messages (eHealth and mHealth together) were significantly more physically active after 6 months than participants in the control group (B=8.48, df=2, P=.03, Cohen d=0.27). We found a small effect size favoring the eHealth condition over the control group (B=6.13, df=2, P=.09, Cohen d=0.21). The eHealth condition had lower dropout rates (117/138, 84.8%) than the mHealth condition (81/108, 75.0%) and the control group (91/127, 71.7%). Furthermore, in terms of usability and appreciation, the eHealth condition outperformed the mHealth condition with regard to participants receiving (t182=3.07, P=.002) and reading the feedback messages (t181=2.34, P=.02), as well as the clarity of the messages (t181=1.99, P=.049). Conclusions We tested 2 Web-based computer-tailored physical activity intervention versions (mHealth and eHealth) against a control condition with regard to efficacy, use, usability, and appreciation. The overall effect was mainly caused by the more effective eHealth intervention. The mHealth app was rated inferior to the eHealth version with regard to usability and appreciation. More research is needed to assess how both methods can complement each other. Trial Registration Netherlands Trial Register: NTR4503; http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=4503 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6lEi1x40s)

1a-iii) Primary condition or target group in the title Mention primary condition or target group in the title, if any (e.g., "for children with Type I Diabetes") Example: A Web-based and Mobile Intervention with Telephone Support for Children with Type I Diabetes: Randomized Controlled Trial 1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 1a-iii? * Copy and paste relevant sections from manuscript title (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "for Dutch adults" 1b) ABSTRACT: Structured summary of trial design, methods, results, and conclusions NPT extension: Description of experimental treatment, comparator, care providers, centers, and blinding status.

1b-i) Key features/functionalities/components of the intervention and comparator in the METHODS section of the ABSTRACT
Mention key features/functionalities/components of the intervention and comparator in the abstract. If possible, also mention theories and principles used for designing the site. Keep in mind the needs of systematic reviewers and indexers by including important synonyms. (Note: Only report in the abstract what the main paper is reporting. If this information is missing from the main body of text, consider adding it) 1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 1b-i? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript abstract (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "Methods: Data was collected among 372 Dutch adults at 5 points in time (baseline, after 1 week, after 2 weeks, after 3 weeks and after 6 months)." "Participants were [...] assigned to the eHealth (N= 138), the mHealth (N= 108), or the control condition (N= 127)." "Participants in the eHealth and mHealth group received fully automated tailored feedback messages about their current level of physical activity." 1b-ii) Level of human involvement in the METHODS section of the ABSTRACT Clarify the level of human involvement in the abstract, e.g., use phrases like "fully automated" vs. "therapist/nurse/care provider/physician-assisted" (mention number and expertise of providers involved, if any). (Note: Only report in the abstract what the main paper is reporting. If this information is missing from the main body of text, consider adding it) 1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 1b-ii?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript abstract (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "Participants in the eHealth and mHealth group received fully automated tailored feedback messages about their current level of physical activity." Both interventions (eHealth and mHealth) were developed using the TailorBuilder software (OverNite Software Europe B.V., The Netherlands). Depending on the answers given to the questionnaire, feedback messages were automatically send to the participants.
1b-iii) Open vs. closed, web-based (self-assessment) vs. face-to-face assessments in the METHODS section of the ABSTRACT Mention how participants were recruited (online vs. of槻✍ine), e.g., from an open access website or from a clinic or a closed online user group (closed usergroup trial), and clarify if this was a purely web-based trial, or there were face-to-face components (as part of the intervention or for assessment). Clearly say if outcomes were self-assessed through questionnaires (as common in web-based trials). Note: In traditional of槻✍ine trials, an open trial (open-label trial) is a type of clinical trial in which both the researchers and participants know which treatment is being administered. To avoid confusion, use "blinded" or "unblinded" to indicated the level of blinding instead of "open", as "open" in web-based trials usually refers to "open access" (i.e. participants can self-enrol). (Note: Only report in the abstract what the main paper is reporting. If this information is missing from the main body of text, consider adding it) 1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 1b-iii?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript abstract (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "Participants were recruited via a Dutch online research panel and randomly assigned to the eHealth (N= 138), the mHealth (N= 108), or the control condition (N= 127)." "Participants in the eHealth and mHealth group received fully automated tailored feedback messages about their current level of physical activity." 1b-iv) RESULTS section in abstract must contain use data Report number of participants enrolled/assessed in each group, the use/uptake of the intervention (e.g., attrition/adherence metrics, use over time, number of logins etc.), in addition to primary/secondary outcomes. (Note: Only report in the abstract what the main paper is reporting. If this information is missing from the main body of text, consider adding it) 1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 1b-iv?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript abstract (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study Number of participants recruited and their assignment to the three groups is mentiond in the method section of the abstract. In total 373 Dutch adults were recruited. Assigment to the groups is as follows: eHealth (N= 138), mHealth (N= 108),control condition (N= 127).
Primary outcome: "Participants receiving feedback messages (eHealth and mHealth together) were significantly more physically active after 6 months than participants in the control group (B = subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 2a-i? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "Even though eHealth has shown to be an efficient strategy to lower costs and deliver health messages more interactively, it also has several disadvantages. One of the major problems with eHealth interventions is the high percentage of dropout" "To make interventions even more accessible, and thereby decrease chances of dropout, health promotion professionals are increasingly interested in the use of mHealth (mobile Health subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 2a-ii? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "Based on the increasing usage of mobile phones as a lifestyle device, it has been argued that mHealth might increase the use of interventions and thereby also their efficacy" "Whereas computers and laptops are relatively stationary, smartphones, mobile phones and tablets can be carried and used everywhere" "People are able to use mHealth independent from time or space, 2b) In INTRODUCTION: Speciⓥc objectives or hypotheses Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 2b? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "To examine if mHealth can improve the use and efficacy and reduce dropout rates of webbased computertailored interventions, this study examined the effects of a mHealth and eHealth intervention on physical activity. Both interventions were identical with regard to content but differed in the medium of delivery." "The main aim of the study was to examine the efficacy of the 2 versions on physical activity and to compare them with a control group." METHODS 3a) Description of trial design (such as parallel, factorial) including allocation ratio Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 3a? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "The study was a 3armed randomized control trial consisting of a no treatment control group and 2 experimental conditions (eHealth and mHealth)." "Participants were informed about the study by email and asked to complete online questionnaires at 5 points in time: at baseline (T0), seven days after baseline (T1), 7 days after T1 (T2), 7 days after T2 (T3), and 6 months after baseline (T4: followup questionnaire)." 3b) Important changes to methods after trial commencement (such as eligibility criteria), with reasons Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 3b? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study There have been no changes to the methods after trail commencement.

3b-i) Bug ⓥxes, Downtimes, Content Changes
Bug ⓥxes, Downtimes, Content Changes: ehealth systems are often dynamic systems. A description of changes to methods therefore also includes important changes made on the intervention or comparator during the trial (e.g., major bug ⓥxes or changes in the functionality or content) (5-iii) and other "unexpected events" that may have in槻✍uenced study design such as staff changes, system failures/downtimes, etc. [2].
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 3b-i?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a.

4a) Eligibility criteria for participants
Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 4a? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "Participants were excluded from the study in case of: a) physical conditions hindering engagement in physical activity, b) pregnancy at the time of recruitment, c) having a holiday scheduled for more than 5 working days during the study period, and d) participation in another intervention during the study period."

4a-i) Computer / Internet literacy
Computer / Internet literacy is often an implicit "de facto" eligibility criterion -this should be explicitly clariⓥed.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 4a-i?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study Due to the fact that all "Participants were recruited via a Dutch online research panel", there was no explicit check for Computer/ Internet literacy needed.
4a-ii) Open vs. closed, web-based vs. face-to-face assessments: Open vs. closed, web-based vs. face-to-face assessments: Mention how participants were recruited (online vs. of槻✍ine), e.g., from an open access website or from a clinic, and clarify if this was a purely web-based trial, or there were face-to-face components (as part of the intervention or for assessment), i.e., to what degree got the study team to know the participant. In online-only trials, clarify if participants were quasi-anonymous and whether having multiple identities was possible or whether technical or logistical measures (e.g., cookies, email conⓥrmation, phone calls) were used to detect/prevent these.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 4a-ii? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "Participants were recruited via a Dutch online research panel" "The baseline measurement took place in April 2014 and the followup measurement took place 6 months after baseline (in October 2014)." 4a-iii) Information giving during recruitment Information given during recruitment. Specify how participants were briefed for recruitment and in the informed consent procedures (e.g., publish the informed consent documentation as appendix, see also item X26), as this information may have an effect on user self-selection, user expectation and may also bias results.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 4a-iii?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "Participants were informed about the study by email and asked to complete online questionnaires at 5 points in time: at baseline (T0), seven days after baseline (T1), 7 days after T1 (T2), 7 days after T2 (T3), and 6 months after baseline (T4: followup questionnaire). When a questionnaire had not been completed within 7 days after the invitation email, a reminder was sent. Participants received 2 bonus points amounting to €2.50 as incentive for completing the intervention (the first bonus point after T3, the second one after T4)." 4b) Settings and locations where the data were collected Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 4b? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study condition was delivered via email, whereas in the mHealth condition advices were delivered via short text messages (short message service; SMS)." "Questionnaires for both groups were sent via email; however, participants allocated to the mHealth group were requested to complete this questionnaire via their smartphone. Participants assigned to the eHealth condition were instructed to only use the intervention on a computer, while those assigned to the mHealth condition were asked to only use the intervention with their 4b-i) Report if outcomes were (self-)assessed through online questionnaires Clearly report if outcomes were (self-)assessed through online questionnaires (as common in webhttps://docs.google.com/forms/d/1KlxFl4iTrxRIWADXjCukJwHv4lE5IPjlPdqyWTzJ5o/viewform?hl=en_US&formkey=dGlKd2Z2Q1lNSGQ0THl1azM5MS1… 12/40 based trials) or otherwise.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 4b-i? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study All data collection was selfassessed through online questionnaires.
"Questionnaires for both groups were sent via email; however, participants allocated to the mHealth group were requested to complete this questionnaire via their smartphone. Participants assigned to the eHealth condition were instructed to only use the intervention on a computer, while those assigned to the mHealth condition were asked to only use the intervention with their smartphone."

4b-ii) Report how institutional afⓥliations are displayed
Report how institutional afⓥliations are displayed to potential participants [on ehealth media], as afⓥliations with prestigious hospitals or universities may affect volunteer rates, use, and reactions with regards to an intervention.(Not a required item -describe only if this may bias results) 1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 4b-ii?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study The intervention was delivered as an intervention of the University Maastricht. It is not expected that the mentioning of the institution will have affected/ biased the results.

5)
The interventions for each group with sufⓥcient details to allow replication, including how and when they were actually administered 5-i) Mention names, credential, afⓥliations of the developers, sponsors, and owners Mention names, credential, afⓥliations of the developers, sponsors, and owners [6] (if authors/evaluators are owners or developer of the software, this needs to be declared in a "Con槻✍ict of interest" section or mentioned elsewhere in the manuscript).
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 5-i?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "Both the eHealth and the mHealth intervention were developed using the TailorBuilder software (OverNite Software Europe B.V., The Netherlands)." The intervention was designed under supervision of Prof. Dr. Hein de Vries, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.

5-ii) Describe the history/development process
Describe the history/development process of the application and previous formative evaluations (e.g., focus groups, usability testing), as these will have an impact on adoption/use rates and help with interpreting results.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 5-ii?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a.

5-iii) Revisions and updating
Revisions and updating. Clearly mention the date and/or version number of the application/intervention (and comparator, if applicable) evaluated, or describe whether the intervention underwent major changes during the evaluation process, or whether the development and/or content was "frozen" during the trial. Describe dynamic components such as news feeds or changing content which may have an impact on the replicability of the intervention (for unexpected events see item 3b). Does your paper address subitem 5-iii?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a.

5-iv) Quality assurance methods
Provide information on quality assurance methods to ensure accuracy and quality of information provided [1], if applicable.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 5-iv?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a.

5-v)
Ensure replicability by publishing the source code, and/or providing screenshots/screencapture video, and/or providing 槻✍owcharts of the algorithms used Ensure replicability by publishing the source code, and/or providing screenshots/screen-capture video, and/or providing 槻✍owcharts of the algorithms used. Replicability (i.e., other researchers should in principle be able to replicate the study) is a hallmark of scientiⓥc reporting.

5-vi) Digital preservation
Digital preservation: Provide the URL of the application, but as the intervention is likely to change or disappear over the course of the years; also make sure the intervention is archived (Internet Archive, webcitation.org, and/or publishing the source code or screenshots/videos alongside the article). As pages behind login screens cannot be archived, consider creating demo pages which are accessible without login.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 5-vi?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a.

5-vii) Access
Access: Describe how participants accessed the application, in what setting/context, if they had to pay (or were paid) or not, whether they had to be a member of speciⓥc group. If known, describe how participants obtained "access to the platform and Internet" [1]. To ensure access for editors/reviewers/readers, consider to provide a "backdoor" login account or demo mode for reviewers/readers to explore the application (also important for archiving purposes, see vi).
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 5-vii? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "Participants were informed about the study by email and asked to complete online questionnaires at 5 points in time: at baseline (T0), seven days after baseline (T1), 7 days after T1 (T2), 7 days after T2 (T3), and 6 months after baseline (T4: followup questionnaire). When a questionnaire had not been completed within 7 days after the invitation email, a reminder was sent. Participants received 2 bonus points amounting to €2.50 as incentive for completing the intervention (the first bonus point after T3, the second one after T4)." subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 5-viii? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study condition were asked to only use the intervention with their smartphone."

5-viii
"The intervention (named 'SmartMobiel') was specifically focused on physical activity as healthy lifestyle behavior. It was built on an existing eHealth intervention and framed around the IChange model and the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA)." "The main goal of SmartMobiel was to stimulate participants' awareness, ability factors (i.e. action plans, goal action), and self

5-ix) Describe use parameters
Describe use parameters (e.g., intended "doses" and optimal timing for use). Clarify what instructions or recommendations were given to the user, e.g., regarding timing, frequency, heaviness of use, if any, or was the intervention used ad libitum.

5-x) Clarify the level of human involvement
Clarify the level of human involvement (care providers or health professionals, also technical assistance) in the e-intervention or as co-intervention (detail number and expertise of professionals involved, if any, as well as "type of assistance offered, the timing and frequency of the support, how it is initiated, and the medium by which the assistance is delivered". It may be necessary to distinguish between the level of human involvement required for the trial, and the level of human involvement required for a routine application outside of a RCT setting (discuss under item 21 -generalizability).
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 5-x?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study There was no direct human interaction between participants and intervention developers. All messages were programmed prior to the start of the intervention . The feedback participants received was fully automated.

5-xi) Report any prompts/reminders used
Report any prompts/reminders used: Clarify if there were prompts (letters, emails, phone calls, SMS) to use the application, what triggered them, frequency etc. It may be necessary to distinguish between the level of prompts/reminders required for the trial, and the level of prompts/reminders for a routine application outside of a RCT setting (discuss under item 21 -generalizability). "Participants were [...] asked to complete online questionnaires at 5 points in time: at baseline (T0), seven days after baseline (T1), 7 days after T1 (T2), 7 days after T2 (T3), and 6 months after baseline (T4: followup questionnaire). When a questionnaire had not been completed within 7 days after the invitation email, a reminder was sent." 5-xii) Describe any co-interventions (incl. training/support) Describe any co-interventions (incl. training/support): Clearly state any interventions that are provided in addition to the targeted eHealth intervention, as ehealth intervention may not be designed as standalone intervention. This includes training sessions and support [1]. It may be necessary to distinguish between the level of training required for the trial, and the level of training for a routine application outside of a RCT setting (discuss under item 21 -generalizability.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 5-xii? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study No cointerventions or trainings were provided.
6a) Completely deⓥned pre-speciⓥed primary and secondary outcome measures, including how and when they were assessed Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 6a? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study (very good). Additionally, we assessed the appreciation of the feedback messages by means of 5 items (1 = disagree; 5 = agree) to investigate whether the feedback messages were' (a) 'convincing', (b) 'interesting', (c) 'informative', (d) 'clear', and (e) 'helpful'. Furthermore, one item using a 5point scale (1 = not appealing at all; 5 = very appealing) was included to measure participants' appreciation of the intervention design." 6a-i) Online questionnaires: describe if they were validated for online use and apply CHERRIES items to describe how the questionnaires were designed/deployed If outcomes were obtained through online questionnaires, describe if they were validated for online use and apply CHERRIES items to describe how the questionnaires were designed/deployed [9].
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 6a-i?
Copy and paste relevant sections from manuscript text n.a.

6a-ii) Describe whether and how "use" (including intensity of use/dosage) was deⓥned/measured/monitored
Describe whether and how "use" (including intensity of use/dosage) was deⓥned/measured/monitored (logins, logⓥle analysis, etc.). Use/adoption metrics are important process outcomes that should be reported in any ehealth trial.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 6a-ii?
Copy and paste relevant sections from manuscript text "Process evaluation At T3, both experimental groups were asked to complete a process evaluation questionnaire. This questionnaire consisted of 10 items which assessed the appreciation of the intervention. One item measured the overall grade of the SmartMobiel intervention by asking respondents to give an overall score from 1 (very bad) to 10 (very good). Additionally, we assessed the appreciation of the feedback messages by means of 5 items (1 = disagree; 5 = agree) to investigate whether the feedback messages were' (a) 'convincing', 6a-iii) Describe whether, how, and when qualitative feedback from participants was obtained Describe whether, how, and when qualitative feedback from participants was obtained (e.g., through emails, feedback forms, interviews, focus groups).
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 6a-iii? 6b) Any changes to trial outcomes after the trial commenced, with reasons Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 6b? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study There have been no changes to the outcome after the trial commenced.
7a) How sample size was determined NPT: When applicable, details of whether and how the clustering by care provides or centers was addressed 7a-i) Describe whether and how expected attrition was taken into account when calculating the sample size Describe whether and how expected attrition was taken into account when calculating the sample size.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 7a-i?
Copy and paste relevant sections from manuscript title (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "To determine the sample size, a power analysis was conducted using G*Power taking into account an effect size of 0.20, a power of 0.80, and an alpha of 5%. Based on this calculation, a minimum total sample size of 423 (141 participants per condition) was required." 7b) When applicable, explanation of any interim analyses and stopping guidelines Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 7b? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a.
8a) Method used to generate the random allocation sequence NPT: When applicable, how care providers were allocated to each trial group Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 8a? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study Participants were assigned via a fixed method.
8b) Type of randomisation; details of any restriction (such as blocking and block size) Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 8b? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a. 9) Mechanism used to implement the random allocation sequence (such as sequentially numbered containers), describing any steps taken to conceal the sequence until interventions were assigned Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 9? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study A fixed method was used to randomly assign participants to the three conditions. 10) Who generated the random allocation sequence, who enrolled participants, and who assigned participants to interventions Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 10? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study Random allocation sequence was regulated by the online research panel.
"Participants were recruited via a Dutch online research panel and randomly assigned to the eHealth (N= 138), the mHealth (N= 108), or the control condition (N= 127). " 11a) If done, who was blinded after assignment to interventions (for example, participants, care providers, those assessing outcomes) and how NPT: Whether or not administering co-interventions were blinded to group assignment 11a-i) Specify who was blinded, and who wasn't Specify who was blinded, and who wasn't. Usually, in web-based trials it is not possible to blind the participants [1, 3] (this should be clearly acknowledged), but it may be possible to blind outcome assessors, those doing data analysis or those administering co-interventions (if any).
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 11a-i? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study Due to the fact that the random assignment was done by the research panel the researchers of the study did not know which participant was in which group.
11a-ii) Discuss e.g., whether participants knew which intervention was the "intervention of interest" and which one was the "comparator" Informed consent procedures (4a-ii) can create biases and certain expectations -discuss e.g., whether participants knew which intervention was the "intervention of interest" and which one was the "comparator".
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 11a-ii?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study participants were unaware of the intervention comparison between eHealth and mHealth.
11b) If relevant, description of the similarity of interventions (this item is usually not relevant for ehealth trials as it refers to similarity of a placebo or sham intervention to a active medication/intervention) Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 11b? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "Both interventions had exactly the same content. The mHealth intervention was specifically developed for usage with a smartphone, while the eHealth version was developed for usage with a computer." 12a) Statistical methods used to compare groups for primary and secondary outcomes NPT: When applicable, details of whether and how the clustering by care providers or centers was addressed Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 12a? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study Primary outcome: "Effect analyses were performed using linear regression analyses with the ENTER method. Analyses were conducted to examine 3 independent effects: (1) intervention (eHealth and mHealth) vs. control condition, (2) eHealth vs. control condition, and (3) mHealth vs. control condition. To analyze the last 2 effects, the study condition variable was recoded into 2 different dummies. All effect analyses were corrected for potential confounders (i.e. baseline behavior, baseline differences, and predictors of attrition). Cohen's d 12a-i) Imputation techniques to deal with attrition / missing values Imputation techniques to deal with attrition / missing values: Not all participants will use the intervention/comparator as intended and attrition is typically high in ehealth trials. Specify how participants who did not use the application or dropped out from the trial were treated in the statistical analysis (a complete case analysis is strongly discouraged, and simple imputation techniques such as LOCF may also be problematic [4]).
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 12a-i? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "Multiple imputation with 25 iterations was used to replace missing values on sociocognitive and outcome variables at T0. Additionally, missing values on BMI and physical activity were replaced at T4." 12b) Methods for additional analyses, such as subgroup analyses and adjusted analyses Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 12b? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "Process evaluation was analyzed using ANOVA with Tukey posthoc tests to assess the differences between the experimental conditions."

X26) REB/IRB Approval and Ethical Considerations
[recommended as subheading under "Methods"] (not a CONSORT item) X26-i) Comment on ethics committee approval 1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem X26-i?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "The study was approved by the Ethical Committee Psychology (ECP) of the Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience at Maastricht University (ECP138 08_03_2014) and registered at the Dutch Trial Register (NTR4503)."

x26-ii) Outline informed consent procedures
Outline informed consent procedures e.g., if consent was obtained of槻✍ine or online (how? Checkbox, etc.?), and what information was provided (see 4a-ii). See [6] for some items to be included in informed consent documents.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem X26-ii?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a.

X26-iii) Safety and security procedures
Safety and security procedures, incl. privacy considerations, and any steps taken to reduce the likelihood or detection of harm (e.g., education and training, availability of a hotline) 1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem X26-iii?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a. RESULTS 13a) For each group, the numbers of participants who were randomly assigned, received intended treatment, and were analysed for the primary outcome NPT: The number of care providers or centers performing the intervention in each group and the number of patients treated by each care provider in each center Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 13a? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "In total 373 Dutch adults were recruited. Assigment to the groups is as follows: eHealth (N= 138), mHealth (N= 108),control condition (N= 127)." 13b) For each group, losses and exclusions after randomisation, together with reasons Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 13b? (NOTE: Preferably, this is shown in a CONSORT 槻✍ow diagram) * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study Information can be found in " Table 3. Attrition analysis".

13b-i) Attrition diagram
Strongly recommended: An attrition diagram (e.g., proportion of participants still logging in or using the intervention/comparator in each group plotted over time, similar to a survival curve) or other ⓥgures or tables demonstrating usage/dose/engagement. 14b) Why the trial ended or was stopped (early) Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 14b? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study The trail ended as planned after the last followup measurment.

15) A table showing baseline demographic and clinical characteristics for each group
NPT: When applicable, a description of care providers (case volume, qualiⓥcation, expertise, etc.) and centers (volume) in each group Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 15? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study All demographics can be found in " Table 2. Characteristics of the study sample and differences between the study conditions at baseline"

15-i) Report demographics associated with digital divide issues
In ehealth trials it is particularly important to report demographics associated with digital divide issues, such as age, education, gender, social-economic status, computer/Internet/ehealth literacy of the participants, if known.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 15-i? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study All demographics can be found in " Table 2. Characteristics of the study sample and differences between the study conditions at baseline" 16) For each group, number of participants (denominator) included in each analysis and whether the analysis was by original assigned groups 16-i) Report multiple "denominators" and provide deⓥnitions Report multiple "denominators" and provide deⓥnitions: Report N's (and effect sizes) "across a range of study participation [and use] thresholds" [1], e.g., N exposed, N consented, N used more than x times, N used more than y weeks, N participants "used" the intervention/comparator at speciⓥc predeⓥned time points of interest (in absolute and relative numbers per group). Always clearly deⓥne "use" of the intervention.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 16-i? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study ????

16-ii) Primary analysis should be intent-to-treat
Primary analysis should be intent-to-treat, secondary analyses could include comparing only "users", with the appropriate caveats that this is no longer a randomized sample (see 18-i).
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 16-ii?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a.
17a) For each primary and secondary outcome, results for each group, and the estimated effect size and its precision (such as 95% conⓥdence interval) Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 17a? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study of the participants at baseline completed the last followup questionnaire. The lowest dropout rate was found in the eHealth condition, with a participation rate of 84.8% (N= 117). " "Results of the process analysis indicate that for 3 items participants in the eHealth condition evaluated the intervention significantly better than respondents in the mHealth condition with regard to receiving messages, reading messages, and the general clarity of the messages (see Table 4). For the other items, no significant differences were found between the 2 groups. " 17a-i) Presentation of process outcomes such as metrics of use and intensity of use In addition to primary/secondary (clinical) outcomes, the presentation of process outcomes such as metrics of use and intensity of use (dose, exposure) and their operational deⓥnitions is critical. This does not only refer to metrics of attrition (13-b) (often a binary variable), but also to more continuous exposure metrics such as "average session length". These must be accompanied by a technical description how a metric like a "session" is deⓥned (e.g., timeout after idle time) [1] (report under item 6a).
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 17a-i?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a.

19) All important harms or unintended effects in each group
(for speciⓥc guidance see CONSORT for harms) Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 19? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a.

19-i) Include privacy breaches, technical problems
Include privacy breaches, technical problems. This does not only include physical "harm" to participants, but also incidents such as perceived or real privacy breaches [1], technical problems, and other unexpected/unintended incidents. "Unintended effects" also includes unintended positive effects [2].
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 19-i?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study 19-ii) Include qualitative feedback from participants or observations from staff/researchers Include qualitative feedback from participants or observations from staff/researchers, if available, on strengths and shortcomings of the application, especially if they point to unintended/unexpected effects or uses. This includes (if available) reasons for why people did or did not use the application as intended by the developers.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 19-ii?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study DISCUSSION 22) Interpretation consistent with results, balancing beneⓥts and harms, and considering other relevant evidence NPT: In addition, take into account the choice of the comparator, lack of or partial blinding, and unequal expertise of care providers or centers in each group 22-i) Restate study questions and summarize the answers suggested by the data, starting with primary outcomes and process outcomes (use) Restate study questions and summarize the answers suggested by the data, starting with primary outcomes and process outcomes (use).
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 22-i? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, use, and appreciation of 2 different versions (eHealth vs. mHealth) of a web based computertailored physical activity intervention. Contradicting our hypothesis, the eHealth intervention had resulted in better appreciation compared to the mHealth intervention. Further, no significant differences in use and effects were found between the mHealth and eHealth version. These findings imply that mHealth is not necessarily more suitable than eHealth interventions and even suggest that eHealth should still receive the preference."

22-ii) Highlight unanswered new questions, suggest future research
Highlight unanswered new questions, suggest future research.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 22-ii?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "As mobile technology is offering quite some unique advantages, we recommend to perform more research to assess how both methods can complement each other." 20) Trial limitations, addressing sources of potential bias, imprecision, and, if relevant, multiplicity of analyses

20-i) Typical limitations in ehealth trials
Typical limitations in ehealth trials: Participants in ehealth trials are rarely blinded. Ehealth trials often look at a multiplicity of outcomes, increasing risk for a Type I error. Discuss biases due to non-use of the intervention/usability issues, biases through informed consent procedures, unexpected events.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 20-i? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study imputations are often used, there is discussion about how to correctly apply this technique [54]. However, the same results were found regardless if the analyses were performed with the multiple imputation or completers only dataset. Lastly, as pointed out above as well, our sample size was limited. Each condition had approximately 100 participants and power analyses revealed that we needed at least 141 participants per group in order to detect standardized effects of 0.20. As the results showed effect sizes were indeed roughly 0.20, replication of this study with a larger sample is recommended to be able to demonstrate more statistically 21) Generalisability (external validity, applicability) of the trial ⓥndings NPT: External validity of the trial ⓥndings according to the intervention, comparators, patients, and care providers or centers involved in the trial

21-i) Generalizability to other populations
Generalizability to other populations: In particular, discuss generalizability to a general Internet population, outside of a RCT setting, and general patient population, including applicability of the study results for other organizations 1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 21-i?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a.

21-ii) Discuss if there were elements in the RCT that would be different in a routine application setting
Discuss if there were elements in the RCT that would be different in a routine application setting (e.g., prompts/reminders, more human involvement, training sessions or other co-interventions) and what impact the omission of these elements could have on use, adoption, or outcomes if the intervention is applied outside of a RCT setting.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem 21-ii?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a.

23) Registration number and name of trial registry
Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 23? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "Dutch Trial Register: NTR4503" 24) Where the full trial protocol can be accessed, if available Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 24? * Cite a Multimedia Appendix, other reference, or copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a.

25)
Sources of funding and other support (such as supply of drugs), role of funders Does your paper address CONSORT subitem 25? * Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study n.a.

X27) Con槻✍icts of Interest (not a CONSORT item)
X27-i) State the relation of the study team towards the system being evaluated In addition to the usual declaration of interests (ⓥnancial or otherwise), also state the relation of the study team towards the system being evaluated, i.e., state if the authors/evaluators are distinct from or identical with the developers/sponsors of the intervention.
1 2 3 4 5 subitem not at all important essential Does your paper address subitem X27-i?
Copy and paste relevant sections from the manuscript (include quotes in quotation marks "like this" to indicate direct quotes from your manuscript), or elaborate on this item by providing additional information not in the ms, or brie槻✍y explain why the item is not applicable/relevant for your study "None declared"

About the CONSORT EHEALTH checklist
As a result of using this checklist, did you make changes in your manuscript? * yes, major changes yes, minor changes no What were the most important changes you made as a result of using this checklist?
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hours
As a result of using this checklist, do you think your manuscript has improved? * yes no Sonstiges: Would you like to become involved in the CONSORT EHEALTH group?
This would involve for example becoming involved in participating in a workshop and writing an "Explanation and Elaboration" document yes no Sonstiges: Any other comments or questions on CONSORT EHEALTH STOP -Save this form as PDF before you click submit To generate a record that you ⓥlled in this form, we recommend to generate a PDF of this page (on a Mac, simply select "print" and then select "print as PDF") before you submit it.
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